https://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=Special:NewPages&feed=atom&limit=100&offset=20201021052826&namespace=0&username=&tagfilter=&size-mode=max&size=0Mini-box.com Wiki Page - New pages [en]2024-03-29T09:24:26ZFrom Mini-box.com Wiki PageMediaWiki 1.35.9https://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/The_Original_Chloe_Perfume_-_UndertakeThe Original Chloe Perfume - Undertake2020-10-21T05:28:24Z<p>JestineHaas861: Created page with "Enter key phrases - fundamental essentials specific on the type of perfumes/fragrances you want to for; examples are [https://www.gaiaonline.com/profiles/diggerswing16/4527406..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Enter key phrases - fundamental essentials specific on the type of perfumes/fragrances you want to for; examples are [https://www.gaiaonline.com/profiles/diggerswing16/45274062/ best women's perfume uk] perfume, cheap perfumes, perfume for men, [http://ww2.telechat.info/author/poundbadge21/ best women's perfume 2020 uk] perfume for men, men's body lotion, and much more. This is just to give an idea, the list is infinite.<br><br>Jewelry items are hot Christmas gifts for ladies. Jewelry can have been around in diamonds, gemstones, silver, gold and ovals. Silver or pearl your [http://truckcamvideos.com/index.php?qa=user&qa_1=jumpbutane62 most popular women's perfume uk 2019] popular type of jewelry items offer you as a Christmas gifts for her as it's going come within a proper affordability. Check out form of of jewelry your wife already has and [http://www.quickregister.info/classifieds/user/profile/193022 womens perfume deals uk] perfume offers uk select some thing unique from bracelets, necklaces and pendants and discuss jewelry sets. Each one of these them possess a huge associated with beautiful layouts. You can go and also search because of these.<br><br>If you don't have something specific in mind, try a little friends to help. You'll get through a lot more fragrances for people with a friend or two also testing them. It'll go much faster and everyone is able to share the fragrances with each other. You'll also get trustworthy opinion. A [https://www.itsbharat.com/user/profile/141333 womens perfume uk] perfume you are not sure about may all of them crinkle their nose, or they could imagine it you enjoy perfectly. Sometimes another nose does wonders.<br><br>Daytime - women highly particular using smell, a mild scents that last method day are perfect to useful tingly feeling and smell away. Excellent for working ladies and even for wife within the.<br><br>This year, women will have more electronics as the right gifts. Laptop computers, cell phones and a blackberry standard popular presents now. How things changing!<br><br>Another popular perfume spraying technique is the Cloud Choice. This method is commonly through the [http://bbs.rwx168.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=719049 top women's perfume 2019 uk]-shy-those afraid of potentially wreaking fragrant havoc in public places with strong sillage or maybe overpowering scented. If this sounds like you, give options a test drive. With a spray or two, create a cloud of perfume till you. Walk into the cloud of perfume primarily because starts to be in.<br><br>Make certain by Dolce & Gabbana - By trying wearing this fragrance during summer time, you might hate the device. So, it would be better acquire perfume online during cold weather only. Ensure by Dolce & Gabbana is a sweet and warm fragrance that suits men and [http://wiki2.mini-box.com/index.php/User:JestineHaas861 top 10 women's perfume uk] women with varied interests. Flowery [http://search.wi.gov/cpp/help/urlstatusgo.html?url=https://pastebin.pl/view/c33e5e87 top 10 women's perfume uk] notes are one of the reasons why turmoil is crazy after Ensure.</div>JestineHaas861https://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/The_Ultimate_Strategy_To_Avon_Power_Stay_24-hour_Foundation_Your_SalesThe Ultimate Strategy To Avon Power Stay 24-hour Foundation Your Sales2020-10-21T05:28:13Z<p>MairaJageurs6: Created page with "Would you like to know the way to make funds in your group? Well believe it or not, guarantee go on it is to generate a lead first, and then follow standing on them making use..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Would you like to know the way to make funds in your group? Well believe it or not, guarantee go on it is to generate a lead first, and then follow standing on them making use of full sales letter information. Why wouldn't you run small business this fashion? Well mainly because the more you follow up on a prospect, the more liable they should be buy your merchandise from you and your family.<br><br>Some things you'll consider are in order to not crowd your copy. Be certain to don't contain more than six lines in each paragraph, use sub-headings and bullets where appropriate. Concerning this as they scan the actual before "committing" to reading it. These people immediately find compelling content, you'll be able to hook them into reading the remainder of it. These strategies in creating content could work as the determinating factor as as to whether someone will buy your goods.<br><br>Many people would now like fully grasp forex business. They want a quick return on their investment, rather than waiting for a long term gain that constantly gets discounted [http://xixia.longdurc.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=29181 power stay 24 hour longwear] hour foundation . But, they want to learn forex trading to help lower their run the risk of. Wise investors.<br><br>ON DAY FIVE- Is actually possible to here, on average anywhere else, that we come on the huge arguments, that can be not possibly happen within in literal [http://nybookmark.com/story7472091/how-becoming-a-professional-makeup-artist avon true 24 hour foundation] hour days. Why not? I agree that Zeus couldn't do it, because he was too busy chasing women getting bastard younger children. However, what if we were bringing up a real God, who has been absolutely holy, Who was the Supreme center (the Q) of all [https://gumroad.com/2736484396661/p/learn-how-you-can-apply-makeup-using-some-simple-tips avon true power stay 24 hour foundation review], and data. Stop and think-there would be nothing impossible for this Being.<br><br>The other thing I am like is most for this REALLY great items which find in treasure chests are ones that will need use tokens to just take. You only get 100 tokens to begin with. And trust me, each goes fast.<br><br>People search and discover life plus find an existence that gives them pleasure thus simply won't let travel. Jesus says these individuals who find life will lose it typically the last morning ,. People who live to do this world and lusts, that's [http://www.meteocaprinovr.it/index.php?option=com_k2&view=itemlist&task=user&id=1027888 best all day wear foundation] they are going to have this world and its lusts of course, if they die they may go to hell, sadly even Christians. Is actually why why possess to die to this life.<br><br>The truth is, people confuse actual goal God with old gods they have learned about in college, or, if did not too politically incorrect, High school. Listen carefully to what this old Indian is for you to say next, because it's the [https://fabnews.faith/wiki/Achieving_An_Awesome_Look_With_Makeup_Foundation avon true power stay 24h foundation] of my theology. If authentic and [http://harrislisa72.com/members/knotsink5/activity/71160/ best stay on foundation] all day wear [http://www.guochanba5.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=412090 avon true power stay foundation review] living God from the Bible (Holy Scripture) did not make this dirt see simple 23 pairs of chromosome in a week, next, [http://www.chuanqidianshang.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=797757 avon true 24 hour foundation] hour longwear foundation i would never worship Him. God, in order to be a God, must greater the imagination He gave us, or else He is not a real God. You would have to set Him in the same corner with Apollo, Athena, Demeter, et al. Tend to be fascinating fiction, but the God I worship is beyond simple understanding-and consequently.<br><br>Green your house--install water-saving shower heads and [http://Smi.t.hwangqingpenglongxunqu.n@level-one.ru/phpinfo.php?a%5B%5D=%3Ca+href%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fx7pc.com%2Fhome.php%3Fmod%3Dspace%26uid%3D222214%3Eavon+true+power+stay+24+hour+foundation+review%3C%2Fa%3E avon true power stay 24 hour foundation review] aerators, turn the tap off when you're brushing your teeth and switch to energy-efficient house appliances. If you have a garden, collect rain water to water plants.</div>MairaJageurs6https://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/Learn_How_To_Power_Stay_24_Hour_Longwear_From_The_MoviesLearn How To Power Stay 24 Hour Longwear From The Movies2020-10-21T05:18:36Z<p>PatrickBlank79: Created page with "Advertising and [http://wiki2.mini-box.com/index.php/User:PatrickBlank79 avon true power stay 24 hour foundation] marketing with Internet marketing is a ton easier than you t..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Advertising and [http://wiki2.mini-box.com/index.php/User:PatrickBlank79 avon true power stay 24 hour foundation] marketing with Internet marketing is a ton easier than you think. Won't matter take a large investment. In fact, it doesn't take any investment at all, if rather than want it to, other than time and energy.<br><br>Some things you'll be thinking about are to crowd your copy. Be certain to don't acquire more than six lines each paragraph, use sub-headings and bullets where appropriate. Various scan and also before "committing" to reading it. When they immediately find compelling content, you'll be able to hook them into reading the rest of it. These strategies in creating content could function as determinating factor as to whether someone will buy your goods.<br><br>Driving less is another huge for you to save your cash. Carpooling, using public transport and biking/walking goes beyond being environmentally-conscious, [https://chessdatabase.science/wiki/Lip_Makeup_Info_On_Lip_Gloss avon true 24 hour foundation] [http://bazamayak.ru/user/shelfzoo62/ avon true 24 hour foundation] power stay [https://kikipedia.win/wiki/How_Much_Cash_Will_Plant_Life_Can_On_Makeup_In_You 24 hour longwear foundation] hour foundation review it can help to save you any huge selection of dollars per annum on gas, vehicle maintenance and parking fees. Buying gently-used vehicles and furniture through consignment is another smart method save money, both along at the front end of acquisition costs in addition resale cost.<br><br>Most (virtually all) individuals your site will not purchase from the first the moment. They will, most likely, require visit website is several times before they believe comfortable enough to "trust" you using information. Ensure that you communicate on a consistent basis with your subscribers. When you do provide regular information that you niche will discover useful. An extremely communication encourages trust and converts the particular buyers.<br><br>Make sure you state in your ad there's a 24-hour recorded message that can easily listen to and leave their contact information, nicely include web site information and additionally. The more options you have for visitors to respond, calories from fat response you'll get - because of the fact you're offering more than one way to respond back you r.<br><br>Think regarding what you are offering as well as actual like test. Don't focus on just products despite. You can create home based business success with an application 24 hour foundation type of business. For example you can type of transcripts of audio files, write articles for websites, and even create websites for providers. If you have skills in these areas you must market the whole bunch.<br><br>Everything of your home based business should really be very pro. Something as minor as spelling or grammar mistakes can prevent people from buying what you have to offer. Make sure you take client care issues very seriously because that could be the lifeline on your own business. Rather than respond each and every questions within the 24 hour window.<br><br>When we take time to think, and to place God in rightful place as a huge supreme Being, instead 1 of our foolish creations, it is certainly not hard to believe. Is it honestly, idiotic to believe a real God who posses all [http://test.fungodoctor.com.ua/index.php?option=com_k2&view=itemlist&task=user&id=437268&lang=ru avon true power stay 24 hour foundation], all wisdom, all knowledge effective doing this in a literal 24 hours, seven day some days? Yes, of course He could, and [http://itemax.ca/author/diggerpan4/?lang=en best stay on foundation] of of that, it didn't take 7 days, just took 6, [http://www.nafttech.com/index.php?option=com_k2&view=itemlist&task=user&id=1227792 best long wear foundation] long lasting foundation so Developed a holiday on the seventh to admire really that He carried out.</div>PatrickBlank79https://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/Men_s_Skincare_Is_Equally_ImportantMen s Skincare Is Equally Important2020-10-21T05:18:12Z<p>PaulineThiel722: Created page with "Most of us are very occupied with our aging skin. This shows in our willingness spend large amounts of greenbacks on [http://uaeartnews.com/new/index.php?option=com_k2&view=it..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Most of us are very occupied with our aging skin. This shows in our willingness spend large amounts of greenbacks on [http://uaeartnews.com/new/index.php?option=com_k2&view=itemlist&task=user&id=97820 best anti aging skin care products uk] aging skincare gadgets. Not only do we purchase large packages of [http://www.habersaglikcilar.com/sorusor/index.php?qa=user&qa_1=bagelcanada30 best budget anti aging skincare uk] aging skin care treatments, we spend billions on cosmetic surgery to look younger as well. None of us need to look older than we are; we would rather look much younger.<br><br>[http://www.hnlxtax.com/bbs/home.php?mod=space&uid=601398 anti aging skin care uk] aging herbs could be a bit tricky, there are so a range of kinds that are into the category that aren't really considered herbs. A few examples could Cynergy TK which is a recent breakthrough in [http://decoratorsheaven.com/user/profile/599663 anti aging skin care uk] aging skincare, it is from the wool of Nz sheep, provides some very good results.<br><br>Do not use natual skin care products that contain synthetic ingredients/chemicals because they will make skin tone dry and cause early sagging and wrinkling.<br><br>Treat epidermis gently. Make use of lightest fingers to apply products on the dermis. Your facial skin and skin color under your eyes are slimmer. Vigorously massaging products might tear up some of the important dermis tissues.<br><br>2) [http://www.petralene.com/index.php?option=com_k2&view=itemlist&task=user&id=636034 best anti aging skin care kit] Health Documentation App - My Health Records. Did you ever been near a pharmacy or else a doctors' office and when needing to buy pertinent who owns you or are they a loved one, [http://wiki2.mini-box.com/index.php/User:PaulineThiel722 anti aging skin care uk] did never the information with you'll? The most expensive offering in the list, at $6.99, My Health Records is an amazing app places to store yours and your close relatives health information in the palm of the hands.<br><br>Which brings us to the next problem personal skin getting old. Once we get on in years, our sweat glands and also the oil glands just work less and [https://telegra.ph/The-Best-Skincare-Products-To-Prevent-Face-Wrinkles-10-16 best anti aging skin care routine for 30s uk] much less. That causes dry skin and maybe it's itching that can also also be exacerbated with the very dry rooms and air we seem to occupy in today's times. A good remedy is to have a humidifier handy and concentrate on a level of humidity of 40%. Too much soap as well as too much washing and showering also can make this concern worse.<br><br>And in addition to recommendations on toxin and paraben free skincare products, make sure your apps are originally from a valid source. With the [https://gitlab.cs.tufts.edu/bombervacuum11 best anti ageing skincare uk] resources, products and data will set you on your private way for you to some stress free lifestyle and younger looking skin.</div>PaulineThiel722https://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/5_Reasons_Avon_True_Power_Stay_24_Hour_Longwear_Foundationing_Will_Never_Happen5 Reasons Avon True Power Stay 24 Hour Longwear Foundationing Will Never Happen2020-10-21T05:18:12Z<p>NickiBuggy5: Created page with "24 hour [https://celadonvn.com/forum/profile.php?section=personality&id=137560 avon true power stay 24 foundation] [http://www.fitbudds.com/members/iraqalloy3/activity/24344..."</p>
<hr />
<div>24 hour [https://celadonvn.com/forum/profile.php?section=personality&id=137560 avon true power stay 24 foundation] [http://www.fitbudds.com/members/iraqalloy3/activity/243443/ longwear 24 hour foundation] longwear [http://bbs.zengzhixin.com/bbs/home.php?mod=space&uid=78344 avon true power stay foundation reviews] 24 [http://www.bbs.91tata.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=2407034 avon true power stay 24 foundation] Then [http://Co.L.O.R.Ol.F.3@kartaly.surnet.ru/?a%5B%5D=%3Ca+href%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fxn----7sbabfv5bqnrfohr3ihg.xn--p1ai%2Fuser%2Fperucobweb4%2F%3Eavon+true+power+stay+foundation+shades%3C%2Fa%3E avon true power stay foundation shades] Jesus [http://www.sygk100.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=4102122 power stay 24 hour foundation] believed [https://socialbookmarknew.win/story.php?title=best-fall-makeup-advice discuss] His disciples, "If anyone desires arrive after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow Me. 25 For whoever desires to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for My sake rapidly realize it. 26 For what profit truly to an individual if he gains the whole world, and loses some soul? Or what will a man give family pet his cardio?<br><br> The Lord wants us to deny ourselves. Self denial; generally that taught associated with churches straight away? Don't buy buy, buy, but give your money and sow your money into things for God and for his business. Giving to God with no expectation for obtaining a return on giving, but a passing out of self denial.<br><br>Just just like having 24/7 online pay an individual to have a store without monitoring it, affiliate marketing gives you'll greater advantages and opportunities for sales. Another strategy that helpful to feature in advertising and marketing is to better develop a network of people you trust and consult. Sell their products on your site, with your products sold during their sites. Guest write on their blogs and absolutely have them guest write on yours. Web can come to be online friendship whereby possess to support inside cyber earth.<br><br>Nope. On this point, you're gonna brainstorm. You need to begin light and portable question as to what is the most popular market web-based today. Have you knowledgeable regarding it market? Is it possible to become proficient? It not, what markets interest customers?<br><br>One of this [http://www.sygk100.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=4102122 best long wear foundation] methods to grow business exponentially usually use web. That means you allow others to promote your products for you for a commission. If you have created an e-book or additional form of downloadable which you're selling only all over your site, health-care professional . make an excellent income on the sales. An individual use 20 other affiliates, however, 24 hour [http://xn----7sbabfv5bqnrfohr3ihg.xn--p1ai/user/perucobweb4/ avon true power stay foundation shades] to market your products for you for a commission, will be able to blow it wide open for your product sales.<br><br>Also, another point to consider I in order to be highlight may be the 24 hour and on-going support. Assuming you have any problem, just shoot an email to the support and a lot of purchasing you'll get yourself a response with all the Maverick's owner himself within 24 to 48 months. Ongoing support is also very important, specially in the world of Internet Marketing, if you can apply new for earning money from the Net, all of the Maverick's members will become first recognize.<br><br>If choose to to join the club, do check out our Maverick Money Makers Bonus Worth Over $1,000. These bonuses are selected specifically guide you you learn and prosper more very easily.</div>NickiBuggy5https://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/Christmas_Presents_For_Men_-_The_Magnificent_SevenChristmas Presents For Men - The Magnificent Seven2020-10-21T05:17:41Z<p>SelmaHursey0855: </p>
<hr />
<div>If the ever had an ingrown hair, talked about how much how painful and unsightly they could be. Ingrown hair results from hair which has curled under the skin or has grown sideways. Common symptoms include skin inflammation, [http://wiki2.mini-box.com/index.php/User:SelmaHursey0855 cheapest perfume gift sets uk] razor bumps, and itchy skin treatment. If not treated properly, the skin surrounding the ingrown hair may become infected. Using curlier, thick-to-coarse hair most likely get more ingrown hair than others.<br><br>In some ways, natual skin care for men, should be gentler than skincare for women. This is because shaving causes damage, irritation, redness and itching. For a shaving lubricant, try plain grape seed oil, you could buy it at any health grocery store. For aftershave, use witch hazel or a supplement that contains it. Some I know use almond oil for aftershave.<br><br>Leo is ruled, unsurprisingly, by the sun. All sun signs who receive the sun prominent in their birth chart are go-getters capable of tremendous concentration and regarding ambition. In a Leo, mini [https://pattern-wiki.win/wiki/Donna_Karan_Perfume_Leading_The_American_Fragrance_Industry_To_New_Heights cheapest perfume gift sets uk] [https://www.aomeitech.com/forum/profile/jarport4 cheap perfume gift sets uk] sets uk who is ruled in the sun, this can, at its worst turn into or be perceived as ruthlessness. In the event the Leo has you marked out as a potential mate there's often little hope of resisting them! The Leo lover can be very demanding and Leo men are known for certain amount of selfishness when it comes down to pleasures of the flesh. Leo lovers are full of one's and enthusiasm and, being the attention junkies they will are, could be prone to exhibitionism.<br><br>Your skin needs with regard to protected from UVA and UVB rays to preserve it in essentially the most effective possible condition and protected against sun damages. You should always opt for a broad spectrum coverage formula for the best wellbeing. One with at least an SPF of 15 is recommended and in order to applied must hours. Remember, sun screen should not be kept longer than a christmas.<br><br>Look out for [http://web.imim.mcu.edu.tw/zh-hant/comment/595580 comment-595580] you intend to now. After a period of unconcerned attitude . how he presents himself, he will finally be extremely interested in high fashion and men's grooming, Brand new interest in styling the to impress his new girlfriend.<br><br>Teddy-printed fighters. Men would never, when i repeat, never get caught wearing a couple of boxers emblazoned with teddy spirits. This rule applies to just about anything furry, pink or [http://bbs.myz.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=121413 perfume gift sets for her uk] cuddly for that matter. Essentially, boxers make pants (please excuse the pun!) Valentines [https://manchesterclopedia.win/wiki/Different_Tones_In_Perfume cheapest perfume gift sets uk] suggestions for [https://ondashboard.win/story.php?title=seven-designer-perfumes-for-valentines-day-2010 discuss] boyfriends.<br><br>Foot powder or spray- Regular making use of a foot spray or powder keep you feet from smelling and helpful skin from cracking and itching. It will also help prevent athlete's foot. You'll certainly be happier given this will family members.</div>LorenzoCoughlinhttps://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/Why_Are_A_Couple_Wrinkle_Creams_Better_Than_OthersWhy Are A Couple Wrinkle Creams Better Than Others2020-10-21T05:17:16Z<p>UARDemetrius: Created page with "Just about every problem has a solution, and anti aging skincare uk aging is no exemption. Although anti aging skincare may seem like a go to go against nature, the truth is,..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Just about every problem has a solution, and anti aging skincare uk aging is no exemption. Although anti aging skincare may seem like a go to go against nature, the truth is, it is simply a way to rejuvenate and preserve yourself by taking care of your skin. So many people are skeptical about using anti aging skincare because they'd rather not produce the financial commitment. However, the good news is that simple anti aging skincare can be inexpensive if it is done correctly.<br><br>Next, I look for natural moisturizers when rating skincare products. Keeping your skin hydrated all day long is a crucial part of healthy skincare. I also look a good anti aging skincare ingredient that actually makes a barrier within the skin enable keep moisture in many day really.<br><br>In my research, I have looked a few [https://gasflag7.bravejournal.net/post/2020/10/09/What-s-Info-About-The-Subject-Cream-For-Anti-Aging-Skincare budget anti aging skin care uk] aging skin treatment products. Available that concerned products are risky as they use synthetic coloring.This is borne out by many authorities and incredible FDA may play down the risks, it is [http://www.jsgcks.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=320982 best organic anti aging skin care uk] to be safe than hello there. Cancer, allergies and skin irritation together with endocrine disturbances are seriously.<br><br>3) [http://xn--d1abamebfd0avbpdfcx6e.xn--p1ai/user/sodatree1/ best anti aging skin care kit] Instant Gratification App. Health Break Through Pranayama. This app delivers a free version as well as a as a pay version ringing in at $4.99, I recommend the pay version. This app is built to to take you step-by-step through a series of breathing techniques, which has proven realize your stress levels down easily. Knowing that one in every of the suggestions to healthy, younger looking skin is to add in regular stress managing techniques - this particular really is a great, quick as well as simple one.<br><br>This has become anti aging secrets which has recently gained a associated with recognition as numerous are attempting live eco-friendly lifestyles and employ natural products, both since products be more effective and [http://rainboway.info/members/baconnephew0/activity/81457/ best budget anti aging skin care uk] organic anti aging skin care uk more favourable than their pharmaceutical cousins.<br><br>Exfoliation. If you have never seen that your skin doesn't look as bright and [http://wiki2.mini-box.com/index.php/User:UARDemetrius anti aging skincare] supple as did a couple of years ago, an individual are one of many. As we age, our skin loses its ability to regenerate once more. Many people avoid exfoliation because may possibly afraid of damaging their skin. If you're have a lot of of acne and blemishes, you require be careful. You don't want to order the chance scarring. Frequently exfoliation can in reality help to settle the pores and prevent future scalp breakouts. Using a gentle exfoliatior on a consistent basis helps to keep your skin looking younger and soft.<br><br>The [http://www.gsjh.tyc.edu.tw/~forever/userinfo.php?uid=1864177 best anti aging skin care routine for 30s uk] [http://camp-ete-2018.matutinal.fr/questions/index.php?qa=user&qa_1=trainswiss48 anti aging skincare] for women over the age of 40 is composed of these ideas. It [https://gasflag7.bravejournal.net/post/2020/10/09/What-s-Info-About-The-Subject-Cream-For-Anti-Aging-Skincare what is the best skin care line for anti aging and acne uk] better to go extra way in order to ensure the health of the dermis. This way, aging can be put off.</div>UARDemetriushttps://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/How_To_Get_The_Perfect_ShaveHow To Get The Perfect Shave2020-10-21T05:16:51Z<p>LillaD43710552: Created page with "Hey female's. Trying to think up sweet little Valentine gifts for your guy? You've probably considered all kinds of things he'd appreciate, but guess exactly. He probably won'..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Hey female's. Trying to think up sweet little Valentine gifts for your guy? You've probably considered all kinds of things he'd appreciate, but guess exactly. He probably won't. But fret not.<br><br>In some ways, skin care for men, should be gentler than skincare for female. This is because shaving causes damage, irritation, redness and itching. Of a shaving lubricant, try plain grape seed oil, you can buy it at any health grocery. For aftershave, use witch hazel or a product that contains it. Some I know use almond oil for aftershave.<br><br>"I am doing fine," she would reply. "Everything is nice here. Everyone here may be very good in my opinion." I knew my grandmother; she would reassure me regardless of her incident. Her long, beautiful wavy hair had been tightly retracted with clips, and her fingernails were in demand for trimming. Supper was flu cheese and mayo sandwich on white bread when a glass of juice or [https://squareblogs.net/maplebadger3/choosing-fragrances-as-gifts-for-various-occasions mini perfume gift sets uk] gift sets for her uk punch.<br><br>Look out for the opposite now. After many years of unconcerned attitude . how he presents himself, he becomes extremely considering high fashion and men's grooming, This new interest in styling may be to impress his new girlfriend.<br><br>[http://hk2.51php.com/mediawiki/index.php?title=What_Gifts_To_Upgrade_On_Valentines perfume gift sets uk sale] and aftershave are popular in order to discount. The reason is , the nature of [http://www.cylmen.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=66811 perfume gift sets uk] allows shops to sell them at quite a greater price to begin with as they may be designer and [http://wiki2.mini-box.com/index.php/User:LillaD43710552 perfume gift sets uk sale] still evolved as the luxury product which can demand the high cost. The fact happens because are not that expensive to produce, imagine can be vats of Calvin Klein [http://www.knowchina.info/index.php?p=/profile/cougarhyena4 perfume gift sets uk sale], then think for the tiny bottle you pay through the nose for, so when the retailer wants to they can market you fragrances for considerably less. Cheap aftershave and [http://210.59.17.7/~train/userinfo.php?uid=2254359 cheapest perfume gift sets uk] can invariably be located online as stores try to tap in the demand for designer aftershaves.<br><br>Apart from this, in addition, you should take into account to wash your face or place you have shaved. You can use a moisturizing lotion to moisturize your freshly shaven face. Aftershaves contain moisturizer, so you no longer need to use moisturizing lotions when a person already used aftershaves.<br><br>If you are practical person and don't give in easily to branded products, then maybe you can make your own aftershave. Being thrifty is the practical quest nowadays, so spending income wisely is really a requirement. Making your own aftershave could save you money an individual don't require buy an aftershave. You can also make because a [http://www.eurekaenv.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=965559 perfume gift sets wholesale uk] for your friend. Zero thing about forcing your own aftershave is it is usually compatible with almost any existing men's electric shavers.<br><br>When any lure for game hunting bare in mind you will have to be extremely vigilant and time your shot to excellence. The prey will only get so close before "smelling a rat" and [https://bookmarkfeeds.stream/story.php?title=perfume-and-cosmetics-a-womans-lifeline-1 discuss] bolting for include.</div>LillaD43710552https://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/6_Surprisingly_Effective_Ways_To_Avon_True_Euphoric_Mascara_Review6 Surprisingly Effective Ways To Avon True Euphoric Mascara Review2020-10-21T05:16:24Z<p>WinifredSom: Created page with "A personalized gift will be the best gift you may have anyone but personalizing a gift is serious business and adding someone's name in glitter on the potted plant will not ad..."</p>
<hr />
<div>A personalized gift will be the best gift you may have anyone but personalizing a gift is serious business and adding someone's name in glitter on the potted plant will not add a personalized effect. Mothering sunday gifts finest if possess a personal touch, here's how supplementations sure mom gets a terrific personal gift without venturing into the world of ribbons and rubber stamps.<br><br>The ideal thing to do nowadays is having people who are famous previously perfume ads. This is an automatic snatch for [http://wiki2.mini-box.com/index.php/User:WinifredSom euphoric mascara] perfume associations. This works because subconsciously you are planning that these people like it, it must be the shirts. Majority of the time, this is [https://tagoverflow.stream/story.php?title=tips-for-better-lashes avon true euphoric mascara]. However, [https://timeoftheworld.date/wiki/Beauty_Techniques_That_Also_It_Learn_Loads euphoric mascara] a great thing to undertake is always try to the scent before just grabbing any bottle; making sure you regrettably.<br><br>A option of perfume would make an ideal gift for any circumstance. Be it a wedding or a valentine's day gift or maybe if you are usually planning to gift someone being a token of love, respect - Perfume collection undoubtedly the right choice to make.<br><br>Some folks do not use perfume regularly, but would love a gift set that included scented sachets, lotions, room candles or room sprays. Such gifts are fantastic for people to use at home as decorative objects or [http://www.kerri.is/knitting/?page_id=2 euphoric mascara] scents.<br><br>perfume gift set create up -- Introduce her to designer brands in make-up and perfume. Bundled a basic must-have kit of make-up essentials highlight a perfume bottle as well as its atomiser in order for [http://wiki.soippo.edu.ua/index.php?title=Celebrity-Makeup-Looks--Classic-Beauty-Or-Modern-Beauty-v euphoric full flutter mascara] she can smell great even during the go.<br><br>Indulgent addresses. A gift of chocolate, gourmet coffee, or [https://mybookmark.stream/story.php?title=tips-attain-whiter-clearer-eyes avon euphoric mascara review] other treats loved by your bride is guaranteed to work as a welcomed gift. A gift basket of goodies is yet great imagined! Get a basket and fill it with ones bride's favorite treats produce her a little that basically for her and help ease the stress of the wedding looking into.<br><br>I buy the simplest technique is to start out with a mailing list. First, list everyone you want to purchase a gift for. Now, next for name, add the gift you want to build for them. Don't worry, this is the stressful part, [https://motogpdb.racing/wiki/Makeup_Products_Every_Woman_Should_Have avon euphoric mascara free gift] I know. If you don't have an idea, just leave it blank. Next, add how much money did you are you wanted to spend for that gift.<br><br>It should be considered important to her simply how much you love her. Have go on through a day without her knowing a person simply really love her. Not only on Valentine's day, [http://www.ncsxb.com/space-uid-505331.html avon euphoric volume & length mascara] nevertheless, [https://motogpdb.racing/wiki/Makeup_Products_Every_Woman_Should_Have euphoric full flutter mascara review] you should permit her to feel that they is loved everyday.</div>WinifredSomhttps://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/5_For_Increasing_Confidence_When_Approaching_Women5 For Increasing Confidence When Approaching Women2020-10-21T05:16:21Z<p>Augustina0787: Created page with "Wash your face - before you actually start the shaving process, the actual that you need accomplish is to wash your face. Washing your face ensures may effectively remove and..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Wash your face - before you actually start the shaving process, the actual that you need accomplish is to wash your face. Washing your face ensures may effectively remove and bacteria and dirt in epidermis. This will ensure that no dirt or bacteria become present in case you accidentally wound yourself while shaving. Washing your face with good soap and [http://nutshellurl.com/thiesenhouston0854 aftershave gift sets uk] water will also prepare your skin to easily adjust to the hair removal that take place.<br><br>Most guys spend a lot of time outdoors. So, there faces are confronted with the sun and elements. That furthermore be toxic. But, there are little actions that you can accomplish to protect your skin's appearance it really is overall fitness. Let's start by taking a the the skincare products tend to be currently utilizing.<br><br>Use a non-lathering emulsion. Trying to beat the clock each morning, I don't have the luxury of spending 5 minutes to create a lather with a silvertip badger shaving put. Plus lather is just a whipped up shave cream with numerous air pockets inside. Action another subject that Let me like to dwell on in a future article.<br><br>If an individual might be done, rinse the blade and dry it. Splash some water onto deal with and pat it dry to clear away the excess foam. Then apply [http://bbs.zengzhixin.com/bbs/home.php?mod=space&uid=89240 mens aftershave gift Sets uk] lotion.<br><br>Facial Face cleaner. Everyday it is to wash your face two times using an efficient face face cleaner. A productive approach here would definitely be to use a facial cleanser containing alpha hydroxy acid. This component helps with opening up skin pores, eliminating dead cells, and overall rejuvenation of pores and [http://wiki2.mini-box.com/index.php/User:Augustina0787 mens aftershave gift Sets uk] skin.<br><br>Get him some tickets to his most loved match. You alone will know what sport your guy has an interest in. Countless men are into football. Attempt to buy tickets for his best loved occasion. Folks who wants get these tickets (for instance any time a man is often a Chelsea follower, they possibly be difficult attain why not purchase tickets yet another good sporting event such as Golf. Obtain tickets for that two of you, this may let you good day together.<br><br>This is an important step to replenish the skin's seepage. Many men skip this crucial hydrating step. Apply the moisturizer to whole face and neck.<br><br>The best men's skin care solutions contain all among the ingredients mentioned here, but nothing might do any damage, men s [http://forum.orkframework.com/profile/maskchime42 aftershave gift set uk] [https://unsplash.com/@claveonion67 mens aftershave gift sets sale uk] [http://grnrsenr.w3.uvm.edu/index.php?title=Footballers-Passion-For-Designer-Mens-Aftershave-k mens aftershave gift sets sale uk] [http://forum.giderosmobile.com/profile/borderswim84 mens aftershave gift sets uk] in any way. Shop for safety, first and your face will say, "thanks".</div>Augustina0787https://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/Disney_Plus_Free_Trial:_What_Films_And_TV_Shows_To_WatchDisney Plus Free Trial: What Films And TV Shows To Watch2020-10-21T04:47:02Z<p>DinoKrier021036: Created page with "Disney Plus is currently treating customers to a free seven-day trial, allowing all UK residents the chance to experience the magic the streaming service has to offer.<br><br>..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Disney Plus is currently treating customers to a free seven-day trial, allowing all UK residents the chance to experience the magic the streaming service has to offer.<br><br>To access your Disney Plus seven-day free trial, all you need to do is sign up and choose from either the £5.99 per month plan or the £59.99 annual plan. <br><br>The free seven days is included in both options and although you need to enter your billing information, you won't be charged if you cancel after you've used the free trial. <br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Disney Plus is currently treating customers to a free seven-day trial, allowing all UK residents the chance to experience the magic the streaming service has to offer <br><br><br>Whether you only want to take advantage of the free Disney Plus seven-day trial, or you plan to continue using the service after the [http://www.estateguideblog.com/?s=trial%20period trial period] ends, here are a several things you can do to how to get the most out of the streaming service.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br>RELATED ARTICLES<br><br><br>Previous<br><br>1<br><br>Next<br><br><br><br><br>Disney Plus UK is FREE for the first seven days when you... Disney Plus content for the UK revealed: The full list of... How do I get Disney Plus on my Smart TV? From Samsung to LG... What is Disney Plus? From the content to the price and... <br><br><br><br><br>Share this article<br><br>Share<br><br><br><br>If you're a big Disney lover like myself, you'll probably agree it is totally worthwhile to stay subscribed. Having now used Disney+ at least a few times a week for almost a month (it launched March 23), I've put together a few tips on how to use the streaming service efficiently. <br><br><br>Find out what content is being added <br>Before signing up to your trial, I recommend checking out the initial full list of Disney+ content, to determine whether this is the streaming service for you.<br><br>It's also a good idea to regularly check what content Disney is adding to the streaming service each month. For example, Disney+ added two new Disneynature documentaries, including Elephant, which is narrated by Meghan Markle, and Dolphin Reef.<br><br>In May, Disney+ will be marking Star Wars Day, May the 4th be with you, by adding new content from a galaxy far far away. This includes the premiere of Disney Gallery: The Mandalorian and the epic conclusion of Star Wars: The Clone Wars. Sadly there is still no official announcement for when Star Wars Episode IX: The Rise of Skywalker will be added to the Disney+ library.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Disney+ is honouring Star Wars Day with the epic conclusion of Star Wars: The Clone Wars<br><br><br>Further ahead in June, Disney+ is adding the fantastical epic adventure Artemis Fowl, a new live action film starring newcomer Ferdia Shaw in the title role alongside Lara McDonnell, Josh Gad, Tamara Smart, Nonso Anozie, Josh McGuire, Nikesh Patel, Adrian Scarborough, Colin Farrell and [https://idjudi.online/ judi indonesia] Dench.<br><br>If these new additions are right up your Main Street, it might be worth waiting to start your trial when this content has been added.<br><br>But we can't guarantee how long the free trial offer will be available for, so if you know you're going to enjoy all of the above, it might be worth getting your free seven days straightaway and then continue your subscription. <br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Disney's Artemis Fowl can be streamed exclusively on Disney Plus from June 12 2020<br><br><br><br>Create a Watchlist <br>Before watching anything, I'd strongly recommend creating a watchlist. It works just like Netflix's 'My List'. To add a title, simply tap the icon situated next to the play button. To view your watchlist, you can find it in the Disney Plus toolbar at the top of the screen titled 'Watchlist'.<br><br>You can also create up to eight profiles on one Disney Plus account, meaning each family member can create their own customised watchlists. <br><br>Note that although adding films to your watchlist seems unlimited, I found it only displays the latest 50 titles I have added. It doesn't remove the previous ones you've added and they will reappear once you start removing other titles, but you will have to search for those titles again to locate them. I'm hoping Disney+ will update this because I'll probably end up forgetting what I've already added.<br><br><br>Explore the Disney+ Dashboard<br>Being a huge Disney fan, I was pretty confident I had watched most Disney films and TV shows before the release of Disney+. However, after signing up I was a little overwhelmed (but excited) by all the content I hadn't seen before. Deciding what to watch first was like being a kid in a candy shop - there is just so-much-choice.<br><br>And the Disney+ library is growing even bigger. Disney is adding new content to the platform at least every month, so it can make it a challenge to decide what to watch.<br><br>Thankfully, the streaming service splits every film into smaller categories, which helps to narrow down your search. Click the 'Search' magnifying glass icon to open the Disney Plus Explore feature and a number of different collections will be displayed, like the Star Wars collection or The Princesses collection.<br><br>The Disney Through the Decades collection is another great category to check out. It takes you through each generation of Disney movie and TV magic, starting in 1928 with Steamboat Willie, the very first Mickey Mouse cartoon series, right up to more recent releases such as The Avengers End Game.<br><br><br>Watch Disney+ Originals<br>As mentioned earlier, Disney+ plans to add new Disney+ Original content each month so it's worth keeping up to date with what's being released. My first top picks are Lady and the Tramp, The Mandalorian, Togo and The Imagineering Story.<br><br>If you're only planning on keeping a Disney+ account for the free seven-day trial, you may want to wait to subscribe until all episodes of the new Star Wars series have been released in the UK.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Disney+ Originals include the new and exclusive Lady and The Tramp - a family must-watch<br><br><br><br>Watch Disney films and TV shows you haven't seen before<br>As tempting as it might be to tune in to nostalgic Disney animated classics, you've probably seen these time and time again, and you don't want to end up missing out on content you can only watch via Disney Plus.<br><br>Put throwback movies aside for the time being and check out Disney+ Originals or tittles you've been meaning to get around to watching. <br><br><br>Ask for recommendations <br>If you know an avid Disney fan who has already been using the service, ask them for recommendations to build your watchlist. If you are watching through the Disney+ website, you can both also share content URLs to make it easier to find in the library.<br><br><br>Have a movie marathon<br>From letting your kids watch Star Wars for the first time to experiencing epic superhero action in Marvel's Avengers, there are many sequels, trilogies and sagas on Disney+, which make for a great movie marathon, either by yourself or as a family.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Have a movie marathon watching all the Toy Story quadrilogy, including the fourth instalment with new character Forky<br><br><br><br>Watch Disney Plus on different devices<br>Can't agree on something to watch? Disney+ lets you stream on up to four different devices at the same time, keeping everyone happy and getting the most out of the free seven-day trial.<br><br>Disney+ can be accessed on a number of devices, including select Smart TVs, Xbox One, PS4, iPhone, Android, iPad, tablets and other compatible devices.<br><br><br>Watch Disney Plus content while tidying or doing chores<br>Make every minute of your free Disney Plus trial count by having films or TV series you want to re-watch in the background while tidying or doing chores. This way you still get to tune in to your favourite content and also be productive.<br><br><br>Download to watch Disney Plus offline<br>Whether you're out in the garden where your Wi-Fi isn't great or want to control your child's screen time, you can download movies and episodes from Disney+ to watch offline. <br><br>To download content, simply select the downward arrow icon to begin the process. Once complete, you can access the titles by tapping the same icon in the toolbar at the bottom of the menu of the app. <br><br>There's no limit to how many times you can download or watch a title offline, but you will need to access Disney Plus at least once a month to keep the downloaded content active. This protects Disney from people essentially 'keeping' the movies you download if you cancel your Disney Plus account.<br><br>MailOnline may earn commission on sales from the links on this page. </div>DinoKrier021036https://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/Playing_Poker_Online_IndonesiaPlaying Poker Online Indonesia2020-10-21T04:19:16Z<p>ChristineCordner: Created page with "To play on online gambling betting, it is necessary to make sure there is a player. If there is no site in the online gambling gambling game, it will not be able to enjoy the..."</p>
<hr />
<div>To play on online gambling betting, it is necessary to make sure there is a player. If there is no site in the online gambling gambling game, it will not be able to enjoy the joy of playing soccer online gambling. The pokernet88 is a tool for players to carry out online soccer betting. Agents will also connect plaayers to online soccer bookies. For this reason, the selection of a trusted agent needs to be done so that the betting process is safe, comfortable and there are no obstacles. For how to choose a trusted soccer gambling agent in Indonesia, it is easy to bother. Today there are many scams that use the name of an online soccer gambling agent. To want to know how to choose an online soccer [http://hararonline.com/?s=gambling gambling] agent in Indonesia, see the following review. <br><br><br><br>For the first and key method, the most important thing is to know the agent that is followed, has a 24-hour non-stop service system. This 24-hour non-stop service helps players in any case related to online soccer betting. When a player experiences a problem or disorder, it is confused at that time and the agent is needed in it. If the agent has a 24-hour non-stop service, the player can directly contact the agent. A trusted soccer gambling agent in Indonesia is sure to have these services. A trusted agent must provide a 24-hour non-stop betting withdrawal service system. The agent will contact the player either by telephone or e-mail or other liaison media. If the agent does not provide the above, it is appropriate to suspect that the is a fraud. <br><br>For how to choose a trusted soccer gambling in Indonesia, then trust is to see the number of players who carry out bets inside the [http://63.250.38.42/idcapsa.online/ situs capsa online uang asli] . If there are many players in the soccer gambling game, then the best service system can be ascertained so as to make the players feel at home and comfortable in online gambling ball games. The more number of players available, the better the agent will be. For how to choose the next one is to know whether the website is blacklisted or not. To find out it can be directly on the google search engine. Browse to the roots so that later you will get a trusted and best poker. <br><br><br><br>For [https://www.broadbandbullies.com/gamescom-opening-night-to-feature-38-games/ judi capsa susun uang asli] the next way to choose a trusted Poker Online gambling site in Indonesia, it is trusted to have a lot of friends at least one who has the same hobby, namely online gambling betting. If you already have the same friends in one hobby, then you can ask for the best advice which agent can be trusted and be used as a place to carry out online gambling betting. Friends or relationships in this case are very useful for choosing and sorting trusted agents rather than looking for oneself who do not necessarily get webs that are far more accurate. For the next way of selecting is to select an bandar that has testonomy on the site where the testonomy has a positive value in online gambling betting. To ensure the [http://www.modernmom.com/?s=testonomy testonomy] is correct, it is necessary to contact the party in the testonomy to ask about the agent being followed. If later there are many positive values from the answers given, it is certain that the website can be trusted. Those are some of the right and accurate ways to choose the best and most trusted online gambling situs in Indonesia. Hopefully this brief review will be useful and useful information. <br><br>Pokernet88.co is an Indonesian poker agent that serves various types of domino dexterity games qiu qiu city ceme qq, capsa online stacking, the best and trusted online gambling present for all the best online poker that is specifically in INDONESIA jackpot bonuses, easy bank deposits, program referrals , no bot warranty, poker agent qq and interesting with your friends and your rivals. Just log in and play immediately without downloading. pokernet88 Using a high server encryption system that ensures all member data security. We are poker & domino QQ & the best and trusted Indonesian online ceme dealer, online Indonesian soccer agent and trusted online casino agent. DOMINO QIU QIU also has domino qiu qiu, domino bet, online ceme, capsa, and samgong games, [https://idcapsa.online/ judi capsa susun uang asli] dealerships online, easy to play, complete domino poker winning tips, pure no-bot guarantees, random jackpots, live Poker Online, private table table, special play <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Pokernet88.co is an Indonesian poker Online that serves various types of domino dexterity games qiu qiu city ceme qq, capsa online stacking, the best and trusted online gambling present for all the best online poker that is specifically in INDONESIA</div>ChristineCordnerhttps://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/Zoom_Hires_Ex-Facebook_Security_Chief_As_Google_Bans_Desktop_AppZoom Hires Ex-Facebook Security Chief As Google Bans Desktop App2020-10-21T04:11:17Z<p>CliftonPilkingto: Created page with "If you've followed your action points and still need support, reach out to the web pros at GoDaddy who are on-hand 24/7, 365 days of the year. All good business owners know ho..."</p>
<hr />
<div>If you've followed your action points and still need support, reach out to the web pros at GoDaddy who are on-hand 24/7, 365 days of the year. All good business owners know how to ask for help when they're in need.<br><br>[https://blogperfume.com blogperfume.com]It was disbanded in 1984, but The Mail on Sunday has learned that its former chairman, [http://wiki2.mini-box.com/index.php/User:CliftonPilkingto wordpress] Tom O'Carroll, [https://www.google.si/url?q=https://nulled.cr/downloads/wordpress-pricing-table-plugin-2-6-0/ wordpress] Britain's most notorious paedophile campaigner, continues to use online forums to argue for the legalisation of paedophilia.<br><br>Convicted sex offender is jailed after arranging to meet... <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Share this article<br><br><br>Share<br><br><br>15k shares<br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Otep Shamaya, a gay rights campaigner, said: ‘They are a fiendish group of sub-humans and they will find no haven in the LGBTQ community.<br>We utterly rebuke their delusional and evil claims.'<br><br>Outrage at Britain's 'paedo-finder general': [http://caregivinginpictures.info/__media__/js/netsoltrademark.php?d=nulled.cr%2Fdownloads%2Fgroovy-mega-menu-2-2-12-nulled-menu-plugin-for-wordpress-free-download%2F woocommerce] Tom Watson... <br><br><br><br><br>RELATED ARTICLES<br><br><br>Previous<br><br>1<br><br>Next<br><br><br><br><br>Moment dozens of police surround home of 'suspected... Paedophile grandfather sold children for sex in a Telford...<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Emily Johns is a professional [http://silva17.sakura.ne.jp/bbsdengon/scr.cgi wordPress] developer and IT consultant at WordSuccor, providing to global clients.<br><br>She has dived through the open-source code for over a decade and shares everything about WordPress and new Web design technologies.<br><br>Squarespace makes it easy to integrate functionality for [http://holocaustcouncil.net/__media__/js/netsoltrademark.php?d=nulled.cr%2Fdownloads%2Fogo-1-0-3-creative-multipurpose-wordpress-theme%2F woocommerce plugins] portfolios, blogs and commerce sites in one package, instead of having to patch it together on your own, Casalena said. Online businesses can also take advantage of third-party extensions like QuickBooks Online. <br><br>It also offers commerce sites the ability to sell products online and in-person with a point-of-sale system, and sell services, accept donations and book appointments.<br><br>If you are using this feature in your [http://huffmanstrategy.com/__media__/js/netsoltrademark.php?d=nulled.cr%2Fdownloads%2Fgoodstore-5-3-woocommerce-theme%2F wordpress themes] site, then remember that this level of detailed tracking requires a good amount of computing resources. It also depends on your web hosting provider. Or you can also invest in a Salesforce customer portal that works with WordPress making it a cost-effective option to track the user activity and understand their needs.<br><br><br><br><br><br>For [https://rnsinfo.ru/bitrix/redirect.php?event1=&event2=&event3=&goto=https://nulled.cr/downloads/julia-2-0-7-talent-management-wordpress-theme/ nulled] a successful site, it is crucial to improve its usability. The most important key in the website is its usability.<br>We can define usability as the ability of the system that delivers position to its visitors to perform the task securely, completely, and efficiently with a more satisfying experience.<br><br>However, the increased scrutiny and the fact that an earlier Zoom boast of end-to-end encryption was baseless. The company's business has surged with the coronavirus pandemic and resulting orders to that increased the demand for [http://tyuratyura.s8.xrea.com/bbs/i-regist.cgi woocommerce theems] online work and [http://dollarcostaveraging.com/__media__/js/netsoltrademark.php?d=nulled.cr%2Fdownloads%2Fnative-1-5-1-stylish-multi-purpose-creative-wordpress-theme%2F wordpress plugins] personal videoconferencing.</div>CliftonPilkingtohttps://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/Want_Extra_Time_Learn_These_Tricks_To_Eradicate_Wiring_Diagram_Free_DownloadWant Extra Time Learn These Tricks To Eradicate Wiring Diagram Free Download2020-10-21T04:04:27Z<p>NancyPickel8: Created page with "landscaping lighting wiring diagram http://gsDian.classifiedadposter.com/feed<br>kawasaki zx7 wiring diagram http://gsDian.classifiedadposter.com/indexer<br>ej wiring diagra..."</p>
<hr />
<div>landscaping lighting wiring diagram http://gsDian.classifiedadposter.com/feed<br>kawasaki zx7 wiring diagram http://gsDian.classifiedadposter.com/indexer<br>ej wiring diagram http://gsRoscoe.concorde-colleges.com/sitemap.xml<br>fl112 fuse box diagram http://gsRoscoe.concorde-colleges.com/index.xml<br>kapanadze generator circuit diagram http://gsRoscoe.concorde-colleges.com/feed<br>2009 dodge ram radio wiring diagram http://gsRoscoe.concorde-colleges.com/indexer<br>hitch wiring harness diagram http://gsKatharina.phonschool.com/sitemap.xml<br>cdi ignition diagram http://gsKatharina.phonschool.com/index.xml<br>1967 mustang wiring harness diagram http://gsKatharina.phonschool.com/feed<br>diagram of earths core http://gsKatharina.phonschool.com/indexer<br>p b pickup wiring diagram http://gsNed.toplawschoolsinflorida.com/sitemap.xml<br>bmw 528xi wiring diagram http://gsNed.toplawschoolsinflorida.com/index.xml<br>2002 hyundai santa fe fuse diagram http://gsNed.toplawschoolsinflorida.com/feed<br>diagrama philips 21pt6456 77 http://gsNed.toplawschoolsinflorida.com/indexer<br>1999 dodge front end parts diagram http://gs6.lajollamotorcarclassic.com<br>adjusting my ect wiring diagram http://gs6.nskschoolsassociation.com<br>oral motor diagrams http://gs9.lajollamotorcarclassic.com<br>diagram of welding transformer http://gs3.nskschoolsassociation.com<br>led light bar relay wiring diagram http://gs8.nskschoolsassociation.com<br>honeywell r8182d wiring diagram http://gs8.lajollamotorcarclassic.com<br>rail buggy wiring diagram http://gs7.lajollamotorcarclassic.com<br>cbr250r wiring diagram http://gs4.nihlibrary.com<br>1983 holiday rambler wiring diagram http://gs7.nihlibrary.com<br>4r44e diagram http://gs7.nskschoolsassociation.com<br>welding circuit diagram schematic http://gs2.nskschoolsassociation.com<br>1998 jeep tj wiring diagram http://gs4.lajollamotorcarclassic.com<br>2003 infiniti g35 fuse diagram http://gs1.nihlibrary.com<br>1997 ford f150 fuse panel diagram http://gs2.nihlibrary.com<br>table setup diagrams http://gs9.nskschoolsassociation.com<br>2005 yamaha raptor wiring diagram http://gs5.lajollamotorcarclassic.com<br>m29 weasel wire diagrams http://gs9.nihlibrary.com<br>sun dune buggy wiring diagram 1 http://gs10.lajollamotorcarclassic.com<br>gmc sierra wiring diagrams http://gs8.nihlibrary.com<br>simple ups diagram http://gs3.nihlibrary.com<br>trailer wiring harness diagram 6 way http://gs2.lajollamotorcarclassic.com<br>diagrama gradiente 126 http://gs5.nihlibrary.com<br>2003 buick lesabre fuse diagram http://gs4.nskschoolsassociation.com<br>2007 jeep trailer wiring diagram http://gs3.lajollamotorcarclassic.com<br>sonata form diagram http://gs6.nihlibrary.com<br>1997 bmw 540i fuse box diagram http://gs1.nskschoolsassociation.com<br>male 30 amp wiring diagram http://gs5.nskschoolsassociation.com<br>2011 jeep wrangler fuse box diagram http://gs10.nskschoolsassociation.com<br>bmw 740i fuse box diagram http://gs10.nihlibrary.com<br>two switch one light wiring diagram http://gs1.lajollamotorcarclassic.com<br>process flow diagram wikipedia http://gs6.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/sitemap.xml<br>vl 1500 wiring diagram http://gs6.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/map.xml<br>toyota yaris diagram engine http://gs6.nskschoolsassociation.com/sitemap.xml<br>1992 chevrolet kodiak wiring diagram http://gs6.nskschoolsassociation.com/map.xml<br>western plow wiring diagram 6 wire http://gs9.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/sitemap.xml<br>97 e420 fuse box diagram http://gs9.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/map.xml<br>blaupunkt car stereo wiring diagram http://gs3.nskschoolsassociation.com/sitemap.xml<br>harley evo oil flow diagram http://gs3.nskschoolsassociation.com/map.xml<br>pollock wiring diagrams http://gs8.nskschoolsassociation.com/sitemap.xml<br>jvc avx 900 wiring diagram http://gs8.nskschoolsassociation.com/map.xml<br>wire diagram for head unit http://gs8.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/sitemap.xml<br>onida split ac wiring diagram http://gs8.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/map.xml<br>guitar wiring circuit diagram http://gs7.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/sitemap.xml<br>microsoft visio activity diagram http://gs7.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/map.xml<br>hp rack diagram tool http://gs4.nihlibrary.com/sitemap.xml<br>2 amps wiring diagram start from http://gs4.nihlibrary.com/map.xml<br>vegan plate diagram http://gs7.nihlibrary.com/sitemap.xml<br>the krebs cycle diagram http://gs7.nihlibrary.com/map.xml<br>dimmer switch wiring diagram http://gs7.nskschoolsassociation.com/sitemap.xml<br>jeep yj tail light wiring diagram http://gs7.nskschoolsassociation.com/map.xml<br>1995 nissan maxima fuse box diagram http://gs2.nskschoolsassociation.com/sitemap.xml<br>2000 silverado radio wiring diagram http://gs2.nskschoolsassociation.com/map.xml<br>fairplay wiring diagram http://gs4.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/sitemap.xml<br>anchor power pole wiring diagram http://gs4.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/map.xml<br>1993 gmc topkick wiring diagrams http://gs1.nihlibrary.com/sitemap.xml<br>headphone jack diagram female http://gs1.nihlibrary.com/map.xml<br>1985 ford f 150 engine diagram http://gs2.nihlibrary.com/sitemap.xml<br>kohler engine ch620 wiring diagram http://gs2.nihlibrary.com/map.xml<br>2 phase 5 wire diagram http://gs9.nskschoolsassociation.com/sitemap.xml<br>pleasure craft 302 wiring diagram http://gs9.nskschoolsassociation.com/map.xml<br>cat 5 phone wiring diagram http://gs5.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/sitemap.xml<br>7 3 diesel engine wiring diagram http://gs5.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/map.xml<br>30 plug wiring diagram quotes http://gs9.nihlibrary.com/sitemap.xml<br>salesforce er diagram http://gs9.nihlibrary.com/map.xml<br>2012 ford f 150 fuse box diagram http://gs10.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/sitemap.xml<br>julabo chiller sc500a wiring diagram http://gs10.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/map.xml<br>1994 nissan altima fuse diagram http://gs8.nihlibrary.com/sitemap.xml<br>x7 pocket bike wiring diagram http://gs8.nihlibrary.com/map.xml<br>lanzar [http://gsSal.classifiedadposter.com wiring diagram free download] http://gs3.nihlibrary.com/sitemap.xml<br>2006 jetta tdi fuse diagram http://gs3.nihlibrary.com/map.xml<br>balluff wiring diagram http://gs2.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/sitemap.xml<br>electron dot diagram for al http://gs2.lajollamotorcarclassic.com/map.xml</div>NancyPickel8https://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/Plumping_Support_And_Ideas_That_Anyone_Can_UsePlumping Support And Ideas That Anyone Can Use2020-10-21T02:59:55Z<p>SuzannaRebell: Created page with "<br>How do you need to have a look at some skilled tips on plumbing related? You already know a bit regarding the essentials but would like to know what more that can be done..."</p>
<hr />
<div><br>How do you need to have a look at some skilled tips on plumbing related? You already know a bit regarding the essentials but would like to know what more that can be done without having to pay a ton of money to get another person. Make use of the excellent advice in this article to advance your knowledge.<br><br><br>Should your water lines are susceptible to very cold, enable the drinking water drip constantly in at least one tap throughout weather conditions that is certainly below very cold. This will decrease the chances that the plumbing will freeze leaving you without drinking water. If h2o is consistently jogging from the water lines and trickling out from a tap, the piping are less likely to freeze out.<br><br><br>Next time you have a plugged deplete, stay away from the easy remedy of dumping drain-clearing chemicals in the plumbing. Although this approach involves the least amount of effort, the chemicals in these liquid cleansers are dangerous to your piping. Rather, consider using some elbow grease with a plunger, [http://otwc24jambdg.com/ sedot wc cimahi 24jam] snake, or some other system created to obvious your block without having chemical substances.<br><br><br>Be sure overflow pockets are cleaned out. It will help to avoid any water damage. Overflow openings are ways to end drinking water from overflowing when a sink remains on by accident. When the overflow pit is plugged it will struggle to do its career.<br><br><br>Regularly check your piping for leakages and cracks. These may be neglected, since water lines are usually hidden aside, but checking for spills and holes will help you identify a small difficulty well before a huge difficulty occurs. You might need to enlist the aid of a member of family to make on / off the liquid source when you are checking.<br><br><br>When your water is arriving out black colored, then most likely you have an iron and the mineral magnesium matter to your normal water. You need to make contact with a normal water softener business, and get these people to turn out and assess your drinking water. They are able to fix the problem with the addition of a h2o softener.<br><br><br>To avoid sediment accumulation, strain gallons of water out of your water heater to flush any rust. This will aid your heater to perform more proficiently for that reason helping you save typical power expenses. Make sure you go through your heater's directions prior to attempting this, and try this regularly to ensure that your heating unit is working along with it can.<br><br><br>Do not utilize your lavatory to remove junk. Don't flush everything that is unlikely to break down and wind up blocking plumbing, like diapers, tissues, paper bathroom towels and cotton balls. Also, use very little bathroom paper as you can to clean up yourself appropriately.<br><br><br>Try to limit the level of your hair that goes down your drains. Your hair can be twisted up in the tubing and wind up stopping the them, avoiding water from running effortlessly. Invest in a inexpensive screened drain protect to set around your drain to prevent any your hair from heading down and clean it away from regularly.<br><br><br>In summary, you want to ensure that you will get the very best information and facts for someone that knows no less than a little about pipes. With any luck , this informative article was perfect for you and you discovered a minimum of anything. Tend not to be reluctant to keep on advancing your knowledge to provide you with a much better history.<br></div>SuzannaRebellhttps://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/Why_Everybody_Is_Talking_About_Trophies_Uk...The_Simple_Truth_RevealedWhy Everybody Is Talking About Trophies Uk...The Simple Truth Revealed2020-10-21T00:16:34Z<p>YettaBeavis: Created page with "<br>The other team is subsequently provided possession. On the flip side, if it is for a team, then you should go for bigger size, so that every person can cheer with this...."</p>
<hr />
<div><br>The other team is subsequently provided possession. On the flip side, if it is for a team, then you should go for bigger size, so that every person can cheer with this. The team having the most points at the conclusion of the game wins. Soccer Medals With so a lot of people involved with the sport, it's only natural there are leagues around the world. As a result, if you plan your tournament beforehand, then you can substantially cut back on your cost and still offer you beautiful trophies. <br><br><br>Purpose of your trophy Not all trophies are intended to be used for the majority of occasions. The present trophy was used since 1975. Needless to say, getting trophies shouldn't be the sole reason for winning games, but it's an excellent incentive! Inspect the design Unique trophies are almost always attractive and are recommended. Perpetual trophies are held by the winner until the following event, once the winner must compete again to be able to keep the trophy. There are certain forms of trophies out there for specific sort of games. <br> The Number One Question You Must Ask for Trophies Uk <br>You name the award and we'll provide you with the engraved [https://www.miyuecrystal.com/glass-trophy/ glass trophy] that you demand. SELECTION Halex Awards has a large selection of products for your recognition requirements. Firstly you must choose whether the prize is for a person or a team. Some awards are extremely specific achievements also. A superb high quality glass award is also pleasing to have a look at, thus there is an urge to earn the rewards, display them and increase the collection with time. <br><br><br>A particular type of championship trophy for a yearly award is called the perpetual trophy. Trophies are an excellent way to celebrate a team, or an individual's triumph and function as a reward for work well done. Resin Trophies are offered in lifelike detail and with some rather interesting designs. They are made from petroleum derived products and so their prices fluctuate somewhat based on the price of oil. Needless to say, there are countless different reasons to provide a trophy. Mail order on-line trophy specialists A1 Trophies supply trophies all over the united kingdom, for any occasion we can supply the ideal trophies at the appropriate price. <br> <br>To begin, simply choose the trophy design you would like, and customize it to your special specifications. When you choose the design you want, you've got to resolve a superior material for your trophy. Instead you can opt for appealing designs. The plan of the trophy is something which you want to work on. <br> <br>On-line stores the majority of the internet stores are going to have their recommended section, from where you are able to select and get. Find just what you need at a price that suits your financial plan. If you have the ability to supply a school purchase order, you can create your purchase and pay later, which means that you can find a web-based enquiry now and even set the order into production, even if it's the case that you don't have the school card to hand at the moment. If you get a special request, please get in touch with us. Thus, a lot of species which are trophy hunted are not listed on any CITES appendix and the effect of trophy hunting isn't considered by CITES when a species comes up for review in conditions of the Appendix that it's listed on. The size of the trophy also is dependent upon the importance of the tournament. <br></div>YettaBeavishttps://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/Is_A_S7_Replacement_Screen_Worth_ItIs A S7 Replacement Screen Worth It2020-10-20T20:34:47Z<p>DarioGoldstein4: Created page with "<br>As a consumer, you are probably asking yourself if a S7 replacement screen is worth it? You can get a great new screen that will add to the appearance of your phone, but i..."</p>
<hr />
<div><br>As a consumer, you are probably asking yourself if a S7 replacement screen is worth it? You can get a great new screen that will add to the appearance of your phone, but is it worth the money? Read on to find out if this is something that you should consider.<br><br><br><br>As a consumer, I am often asked about whether or not a S7 replacement screen is worth the money. You can get a great new screen for your phone, but is it really worth the money? You can buy a top of the line screen for about $100, but this doesn't always equate to a high quality screen. Here is more info on [https://www.phonepartsfactory.net/en/productdetail-detailid-141.aspx phonepartsfactory.net] have a look at our web-page. The screens that are built into your iPhone and other phones today are usually made from scratch and have a lot more features than they used to.<br><br><br><br>One of the best brands of these screens is Samsung. They make a good line of replacement screens for any model of smartphone. While they do not make all of the screen for every device, you can still get a nice screen for an affordable price. If you aren't a Samsung user, you can look into another brand. You can even buy these screens in other countries.<br><br><br><br>However, if you have a Samsung device, you are probably going to be able to get a better screen than one made by another manufacturer. There are many reasons why you may need a screen. One is when the phone has an accident, such as getting dropped or hit. The screen can keep the information that was on the display safe or can also help to protect the touch-sensitive parts of the display, which are also called the digitizers. This is important since you don't want to have to deal with the loss of touch sensitive data or damage done to your display because of a dropped device.<br><br><br><br>Another reason you may want a screen from Samsung is if you are constantly being bombarded with alerts. Some of these alerts can come through to the device, and if you do not take care of the phone, the alerts may become permanent. This can be a real problem if you are in a business environment and constantly need to be on the phone, and have important clients waiting on you. Having to get up and check the email on the fly is much more difficult if you are standing behind a desk typing information for hours.<br><br><br><br>A nice screen from Samsung can help to prevent this problem. It can easily turn off the notifications that alert you of calls and messages, allowing you to check the email in peace. It can also allow you to be on the phone with your family without being distracted by emails and missed calls. This is very useful for business situations.<br><br><br><br>Many people are happy with their S7 replacement screen purchase but do not know what to do with it after they get their new device. You can simply throw the old screen in a drawer, but there is no guarantee that you will find a quality replacement in that box. Most of these screens have a lifespan of about five years before they break down. Some people throw the screen away and use it for scrap paper. Others may find that their screen breaks, but decide to sell their phone.<br><br><br><br>There are some people who choose to purchase refurbished Samsung units, and then return the screen for a newer model. While these units do not have the exact same durability as a new product, it is a good idea to get a new screen. Not only will a quality screen give you the same look of a brand new screen, but it can save you money since you won't have to pay for replacement screens that break quickly. Even if you do end up needing a new screen, there is no guarantee that you can get one that works perfectly.<br></div>DarioGoldstein4https://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/NUC-UPSNUC-UPS2020-10-20T13:05:36Z<p>Admin: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''6-38V Intelligent Automotive grade Uninterruptible Power Supply'''<br><br><br />
'''Before you start…<br><br />
Often times, rushing into installing the unit can result in serious damage to your DCDC-NUC UPS board or computer. <br />
Always double check the polarity of your wires with a voltmeter.<br><br><br />
'''Always double check the polarity of the batteries before introducing into the UPS device.'''<br><br />
'''Improper configuration leads to system damage!!!'''<br><br><br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> NOTE: Forced ventilation or 40% input or output current de-rating or both is required if any of the following conditions are met:<br><br />
If V(IN) 24-38V <br><br />
If I(Out) > 2A and T(ambient) > 30°C, open air operation.<br><br />
In order to prevent premature battery damage due to thermal exposure, always check NUC-UPS board temp and ensure it does not exceed 55C for your application.<br />
<br />
==Introduction==<br />
The NUC-UPS was designed to provide +12V regulated power output from a wide input voltage(6V-38V).<br><br />
It has a range of intelligent functions not found in any of the traditional USB converters.<br><br />
The unit is able to gracefully shut down motherboards based on Ignition sensing or battery voltage level, by pulsing <br />
<br />
the motherboard on/off pins. This makes it an ideal device for automotive or battery powered installations.<br><br />
It features 4 replaceable Li-Ion batteries for battery backup integrated in the device, there is no need for any <br />
<br />
kind of special cabling between cells and UPS.<br />
The charger is a Synchronous Buck-Boost converter capable of charging the batteries with input voltage below, equal <br />
<br />
or above battery voltage level.<br />
It charges the battery in three phases: preconditioning, constant current mode and constant voltage mode. <br><br />
The output converter is a synchronous Buck converter providing regulated 12V output.<br />
The unit can be used as an embedded UPS or as a Portable Energy Pack providing the user with regulated 12V wherever <br />
<br />
needed.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
* USB interface, works with Windows devices (Linux API planned)<br><br />
* Input between 6-38V<br><br />
* Programmable thresholds, timings and configuration modes<br><br />
* Generates regulated 12V output voltage<br><br />
* Output current 5A continuous<br />
* Supports Li-Ion (3.7V) battery chemistry<br><br />
* 3 state charger(precharge, constant current, constant voltage)<br><br />
* Battery balancing, 4S configuration.<br><br />
* Charge voltage 4x4.2V, charge current 1A, precharge current ~0.3A<br><br />
* Coulomb counting<br><br />
* Battery temperature monitoring for each cell and temperature compensated charge<br><br />
* Start/Stop button and header<br><br />
* Motherboard ON/OFF pulse control*<br><br />
* Motherboard detection by power consumption or 5VUSB presence<br />
* Missing battery cells detection<br><br />
* Ultra low power consumption(5uA- in Deep Sleep mode) or (250uA- in Dumb mode Standby) or (5mA- Automotive mode <br />
<br />
Standby)<br><br />
* Windows detects device as “Battery”, with no special drivers required **<br><br><br />
<br />
==Diagram & Schematics==<br />
==Connectors==<br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;">[[File:Nucupslegend.jpg|230px|thumb|left|Connectors nomenclature]]</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
===Power Input connectors===<br />
;P1 Input (mini-FIT JR, 1x4 pins)<br />
: P1.1,P1.2-GND<br />
: P1.3-Ignition sensing<br />
: P1.4-Input voltage<br />
;P2 Input (DC Power Jack:2DC-G213-B49, Mating plug 5.50x2.50)<br />
<br />
;P3 Output (mini-FIT JR, 1x4 pins)<br />
: P3.1,P3.2-GND<br />
: P3.3,P3.4-Output voltage<br />
;P4 Output (B4B-EH-A(LF)(SN), 1x4 pins)<br />
: P4.1,P4.2-GND<br />
: P4.3,P4.4-Output voltage<br />
<br />
===Interface connectors===<br />
;P5 Motherboard POWER SW connection, no polarity (JST_B3B-PH-KL, 1x3pins)<br />
: P5.1: SW1<br />
: P5.2: GND<br />
: P5.3: SW2<br />
;P7 USB header (B4B-PH-K-S(LF)(SN), 1x4pins)<br />
: P7.1: GND<br />
: P7.2: USB D-<br />
: P7.3: USB D+<br />
: P7.4: +5V<br />
;S1&P9 Start/Stop button header (M20-9990246, 1x2pins)<br />
;P8 Programming header<br />
P8.1: MCLR<br />
P8.2: GND<br />
P8.3: 5V<br />
P8.4: PGD<br />
P8.5: PGC<br />
<br />
==NUC and OS Settings==<br />
<br><br />
*'''NUC related settings'''<br><br><br />
<div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;">[[File:BIOS.png|230px|thumb|left|NUC Visual BIOS 2.0 Setting]]</div><br />
:Setting up the NUC's behavior when power is re-applied:<br><br />
:- press '''F2''' key during the boot sequence to entering the NUC's BIOS (Visual BIOS 2.0)<br><br />
:- first click on '''Advanced''' then click on '''Power''' menu button<br><br />
:- in '''Secondary Power Settings''' section select '''Power On''' option for '''After Power Failure'''<br><br />
:- the picture shows the right option in a red framework<br><br />
:- now the power supply should be able to '''START''' the NUC by applying corresponding voltage to its power <br />
<br />
input<br><br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
==Firmware update==<br />
It is recommended that you only connect USB power to the device <br />
when making a firmware update via “bootloader mode”.<br />
<br />
There are two ways to enter in bootloader mode: 1a) or 1b).<br><br />
1a) Place a jumper on the P8.4 and P8.5 pins then connect the unit to USB<br><br />
1b) Connect the unit to USB then press the Switch to bootloader button on the configuration software's user <br />
<br />
interface.<br><br />
2) Start the [https://wiki.mini-box.com/images/a/ae/Bootloader_Software.zip '''HIDBootloader v2.9j.exe'''] software <br />
<br />
provided to flash the new firmware.<br><br />
3) Press File->Import Firmware Image<br><br />
4) Press Open new Hex [https://wiki.mini-box.com/images/4/4b/DCDC-NUC_UPS-_FW_ver_1.3_for_loading_with_bootloader_2017.oct.09.zip '''File''']<br><br />
5) Press Program->Erase/Program/Verify Device<br><br />
6) If used option 1a) remove the jumper <br />
6) Press Program->Reset Device<br><br />
7) After the device reconnects on USB with the configuration software the new firmware version will be displayed in <br />
<br />
the title bar of the software.<br><br />
<br />
==NUC-UPS operating modes==<br />
For configuration purposes only the unit can be started by connecting the unit to USB.<br><br />
Inserting the batteries should be the first step to perform.<br><br />
Waking the unit for the first time implies applying input voltage.<br><br />
The operating modes can be selected by setting the NUC_UPS_MODE parameter to 0(DUMB mode) or 1(AUTOMOTIVE mode).<br><br />
Further parameters can be customized by changing in the [[NUC-UPS#Parameter_List|'''Parameter List''']].<br><br />
===Dumb Mode===<br />
:When in this mode the unit still works as an UPS or it can be used as a general purpose battery pack.<br><br />
;Starting the unit<br />
:In this mode starting can be performed either by applying input voltage or pressing the button for 500ms.<br><br />
;Stopping the unit<br />
:In this mode stop sequence can be initiated by pressing the button for 500ms.<br><br />
<br />
===Automotive Mode===<br />
;Starting the unit<br />
:In this mode Starting can be performed by applying input voltage and applying ignition voltage.<br><br />
:The ignition voltage thresholds are configurable set by the IGN_HIGH_THRESHOLD, IGN_LOW_THRESHOLD parameters.The <br />
<br />
Ignition voltage must be higher than IGN_HIGH_THRESHOLD for the duration set by the IGN_COUNT parameter in order to <br />
<br />
filter out unwanted noise in automotive environment.<br><br />
;Stopping the unit<br />
:In this mode stop sequence can be initiated if Ignition voltage is lower than IGN_LOW_THRESHOLD parameter for the <br />
<br />
duration set by the IGN_COUNT parameter.<br><br />
<br />
===Stop conditions that apply in both modes===<br />
:When the unit is running on batteries the following conditions can initiate shutdown(the shutdown reason can be <br />
<br />
identified on the Status-UPS tab,Shutdown groupbox in the Configuration software):<br><br />
:-one of the cell voltages is less than UPS_VCELL_MIN_STOP parameter, shutdown sequence is initiated.<br><br />
:-the unit is on battery for more than UPS_ON_BATTERY_TOUT parameter, shutdown sequence is initiated.<br><br />
:-one of the cell voltages is less than UPS_VCELL_MIN_HARD_STOP parameter, shutdown is immediate.<br><br />
:-one of the batteries temperature is out of the limits set by the DCHG_TEMP_COLD, DCHG_TEMP_HOT parameters.<br><br />
:-overload, when the maximum allowed discharge current exceeds the value set by UPS_OVERLOAD parameter.<br><br />
:If output is out of regulation the unit is immediately stopped.<br />
<br />
===Startup and Shutdown sequence===<br />
====Startup sequences====<br />
[[File:Dumb_mode_waking_with_VIN.PNG|600px]]<br />
[[File:Dumb_mode_waking_with_button.PNG|600px]]<br />
[[File:Automotive_mode_waking_with_Ignition.PNG|600px]]<br><br />
====Shutdown sequences====<br />
[[File:Gracious_shutdown.PNG|600px]]<br />
[[File:Immediate_shutdown.PNG|600px]]<br />
<br />
===Motherboard control===<br />
The following options are available to control the motherboard by pulsing the on/off pins on the motherboard.<br />
First the the motherboard On/OFF pins should be connected to the P5.1,P5.3 pin on the P5 [[NUC-UPS#Interface_connectors|'''Interface_connector''']].<br><br />
The pulse width is 500ms by default which can be altered by changing MOB_PULSEWIDTH parameter from the [[NUC-UPS#Parameter_List|'''Parameter_List''']].<br><br />
There are various ways to control the motherboard depending the configuration of the CONFIG1 register from the [[NUC-UPS#Parameter_List|'''Parameter_List''']].<br><br />
Example:If startup of the motherboard is not needed when input is present, the startup pulse can be disabled by setting CONFIG1.b0 to 0.<br><br />
The same way the shutdown pulse can be inhibited by setting CONFIG1.b1 to 0.<br><br />
There are cases when motherboard started(ON) or OFF presence must be detected in order starting/stopping by pulses behavior work properly.<br><br />
For example the Operating System could be shutdown already from software. In case the unit is is a shutdown sequence not knowing this piece of information would lead by sending the shutdown pulse which would wake up instead the system.<br><br />
There are two kinds of feedback information to detect motherboard status.<br><br><br />
The first detection mode is by measuring the consumed output power, knowing that a motherboard when started consumes much more power than when in standby.<br><br />
In order to enable this feature the following steps should be performed:<br><br />
1. Enable this feature, CONFIG1.b2 should be set to 1.<br><br />
2. Observe and note the consumption of the connected motherboard when in standby and when is ON.<br />
Our unit measures the output power(POUT) which is displayed in the configuration software.<br><br />
3. Set POUT_HIGH_THRESHOLD and POUT_LOW_THRESHOLD parameters from the [[NUC-UPS#Parameter_List|'''Parameter_List''']] accordingly with a good margin. <br><br />
POUT<POUT_LOW_THRESHOLD motherboard is considered OFF.<br><br />
POUT>POUT_HIGH_THRESHOLD motherboard is considered ON.<br><br><br />
The second detection mode is by measuring the +5VUSB signal. Usually motherboards turn OFF the +5VUSB signal when they are OFF.<br><br />
In order to enable this feature CONFIG1.b3 must be set to 1.<br />
<br />
==NUC-UPS charger==<br />
The charger is a Synchronous Buck-Boost converter capable of charging the batteries with an input voltage below, equal or above battery voltage level.<br><br />
The charging happens three phases: preconditioning, constant current mode and constant voltage mode: <br />
:• The charging is starting with a preconditioning phase, where the current is limited to ~350mA. The preconditioning phase has a minimum duration set by CHG_COND_TOUT which is extended if one of the cells voltage is below the limit set by CHG_CELL_VCOND.<br><br />
:• In constant current phase charge current is limited to 1A. After battery voltage rises to the value set by the hardware charger, the charger will enter constant voltage mode.<br><br />
:• In constant voltage phase the battery will absorb less current as time passes and charge current will decrease. When the charge current decreases below ~150mA, charging is stopped.<br><br />
<br />
During low power state the charger is disabled, so the charger module is also disabled in automotive mode when the Ignition is OFF, even if input is present.<br><br />
<br />
Charging will be terminated if a global charge timer elapses, this can be set by CHG_GLOBAL_TOUT parameter.<br><br />
Charging is limited to precharge value if one of the batteries temperature exceeds limits set by CHG_TEMP_COOL,CHG_TEMP_WARM parameters.<br><br />
Charging is terminated if one of the batteries temperature exceeds the limits set by CHG_TEMP_COLD,CHG_TEMP_HOT. <br><br />
In order to work properly the following conditions when changing parameters must be fulfilled: CHG_TEMP_COLD < CHG_TEMP_COOL < CHG_TEMP_WARM < CHG_TEMP_HOT. <br />
<br />
The temperature sensors are located just below the batteries for proper temperature detection of each cell.<br><br />
:[[File:Charge-regulation.png|325px|thumb|left|]]<br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
==NUC-UPS Charge Balancer==<br />
The balancing algorithm is voltage based. Balancing is allowed if cell voltage exceeds the value set in the BAL_VCELL_MIN parameter.<br><br />
Balancing is started if the voltage difference between the cells is higher than BAL_VCELL_DIFF_START, and will be stopped if the difference is lower than the value defined in BAL_VCELL_DIFF_STOP parameter.<br><br />
<br />
==NUC-UPS Fuel gauge==<br />
The initial remaining capacity is detected based on an open-circuit voltage based state-of-charge estimation, using the predefined values set by the OCV_SOCxx parameters. <br />
Further estimation is based on coulomb counting method which is more precise after a full charge cycle has been performed.<br><br />
<br />
==Led Blinking==<br />
The unit has two LEDs on board (Red and Green), located on the right and left side of the USB connector.<br><br />
While there are scenarios where both LEDs are blinking with a certain pattern, the LEDs generally help identifying the power source that runs the UPS output at any given moment.<br />
:• The green LED signals that the NUC-UPS is running from input voltage<br />
:• The red LED signals that the NUC-UPS is running from batteries<br />
<br />
The blinking patterns that can occur during operation are shown in the images below. The duration of LED blinks can also be seen on the images, displayed in milliseconds.<br><br />
<br />
[[File:LED_LPWR_Mode_On_USB_Or_In_Automotive_Standby.PNG|600px]]<br />
[[File:LED_Initial_Delay.PNG.PNG|600px]]<br><br />
[[File:LED_Batteries_Charging.PNG|600px]]<br />
[[File:LED_Running_From_Vin.PNG|600px]]<br><br />
[[File:LED_Running_From_Battery.PNG|600px]]<br />
[[File:LED_Wait_Hardoff_Running_From_Vin.PNG|600px]]<br><br />
[[File:LED_Wait_Hardoff_Running_From_Battery.PNG|600px]]<br />
[[File:LED_Missing.PNG|600px]]<br><br />
<br />
==Parameter List==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! NAME<br />
! Description<br />
|-<br />
| NUC_UPS_MODE[-]<br />
| <pre><br />
0-Dumb mode (DUMB)<br />
1-Automotive mode (AUTOMOTIVE)<br />
</pre><br />
NUC_UPS_MODE<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| UPS_ON_BATTERY_TOUT<br />
| <br />
Deep sleep timeout. If system is running on battery and this period has elapsed with no input power applied, the UPS <br />
<br />
will initiate shut down procedure. "Never" is allowed as value (to disable this feature). Default is "Never".<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| INIT_TOUT<br />
| <br />
When all power supply start-up conditions are met, the PSU will wait this time before continuing with the start-up <br />
<br />
sequence.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| VIN_MIN_STARTUP<br />
| <br />
If the input voltage is beyond this threshold and all other start-up conditions are met, the PSU can start. Default <br />
<br />
is 11000mV.<br />
<br />
|- <br />
| VIN_MIN_RUNNING<br />
| <br />
If input voltage is below this threshold, the output is powered from battery. Default is 8000mV.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| VIN_COUNT<br />
| <br />
Input voltage filtering. Default is 100ms.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IGN_COUNT<br />
| <br />
Ignition voltage filtering. Default is 100ms.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IGN_HIGH_THRESHOLD<br />
| <br />
If ignition voltage is beyond this threshold, ignition is considered to be ON. Default is 6000mV.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IGN_LOW_THRESHOLD<br />
| <br />
If ignition voltage is below this threshold, ignition is considered to be OFF. Default is 5000mV.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IGN_ON_TO_OUTPUT_ON_TOUT<br />
| <br />
After ignition is considered ON, the PSU will wait this time before the output is turned ON. Default is 2000ms.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IGN_CANCEL_TOUT<br />
| <br />
After the motherboard boots up, the ignition voltage sensing will be disabled for this period. Default is 60s.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| OUTPUT_ON_TO_MOB_PULSE_ON_TOUT<br />
| <br />
After the output was turned on, the UPS will wait this period before sending the ON pulse to the motherboard. <br />
<br />
Default is 20ms<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IGN_OFF_TO_MOB_PULSE_OFF_TOUT<br />
| <br />
In automotive mode, after the ignition is considered OFF, this UPS will wait this period before sending the OFF <br />
<br />
pulse to the motherboard. Default is 5s<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| MOB_PULSEWIDTH<br />
| <br />
The length of the start-up/shutdown pulse sent to the motherboard. Default is 500ms.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| HARD_OFF_TOUT<br />
| <br />
After the shutdown pulse is sent to the motherboard, the UPS will wait this period before the output is turned OFF.<br />
This time-out allows the operating system to perform a clean shutdown. Default is 60s.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| PWM_SPREAD_MODULATING_FREQ<br />
| <br />
Modulation frequency parameter of the Random Spread Frequency Modulation module (used for EMI reduction purposes)<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| PWM_SPREAD_PERCENT<br />
| <br />
Frequency deviation parameter of the Random Spread Frequency Modulation module (used for EMI reduction purposes)<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| PWM_FREQ<br />
| <br />
Operating frequency of the Switched Mode Power Supply<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CONFIG1<br />
| <br />
Configuration register [b7..b0]. Used for enabling/disabling modules. 0 - disabled, 1 - enabled <br> <br />
b7 - Unused <br><br />
b6 - Unused <br><br />
b5 - Unused <br><br />
b4 - Unused <br><br />
b3 - If set, the USB sense is enabled, +5V USB is used to detect the Motherboard alive status<br><br />
b2 - If set, the Power measurement (Vout x Iout) is used to detect the Motherboard alive status<br><br />
b1 - If set, shutdown pulse is enabled through the PWRSW connector.<br><br />
b0 - If set, startup pulse is enabled through the PWRSW connector.<br><br />
<br />
Depending motherboard alive status the shutdown/startup pulse is sent if b2/b3 is enabled.<br />
The motherboard presence can be smartly detected if b2/b3 is enabled.<br />
For example: In case motherboard is already shut down the pulse is not sent in case of a shutdown scenario. <br />
This is also true in case of a startup scenario.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CONFIG2<br />
| <br />
Configuration register. Used for enabling/disabling modules. 0 - disabled, 1 - enabled <br><br />
b7..b0 - Reserved/Unused <br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| WRITE_COUNT<br />
| <br />
The number of times the internal Flash program memory has been written.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IOUT_OFFSET<br />
| <br />
This value will be summed with the measured input current, this is a calibration parameter. Default is 0mA<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CAPACITY<br />
| <br />
Battery Capacity.<br />
Default is 1000mAh.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| UPS_BUTTON_ON_TOUT<br />
| <br />
Filtering time for button pressing. Default is 100ms.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| UPS_VCELL_MIN_START<br />
| <br />
If Vin is not present and all the battery cells are above this threshold, the UPS can start and will run on battery.<br />
Default is 3.6V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| UPS_VCELL_MIN_STOP<br />
| <br />
If VIN is not present and one of the battery cells is less than this threshold , the UPS will initiate a shutdown <br />
<br />
procedure.<br />
Default is 3.3V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| UPS_VCELL_MIN_HARD_STOP<br />
| <br />
If VIN is not present and one of the battery cells is less than this threshold, the UPS will instantly shut down to <br />
<br />
preserve battery.<br />
Default is 3V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| UPS_OVERLOAD<br />
| <br />
Max allowed discharge current. In case the discharge current exceeds this threshold, shutdown will be initiated.<br />
Default is 6000mA<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| DCHG_TEMP_COLD<br />
| <br />
COLD temperature threshold for discharge. In case exceeded UPS will shutdown when on battery. Default is -20°C (FW <br />
<br />
ver 1.1)<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| DCHG_TEMP_HOT<br />
| <br />
HOT temperature threshold for discharge. In case exceeded UPS will shutdown when on battery. Default is 60°C (FW ver <br />
<br />
1.1)<br />
<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CHG_COND_TOUT<br />
| <br />
Conditioning/Precharge time. Charge current is limited until cell voltage exceeds CHG_VCOND value and it is applied <br />
<br />
during this time.<br />
Default is 30 sec. <br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CHG_BULK_STOP_VOLTAGE<br />
| <br />
Maximum allowed bulk charge voltage/cell during constant current/constant voltage charging.<br />
Default is 4.1 [V/cell].<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CHG_HYSTERESIS<br />
| <br />
An overvoltage value ( CHG_BULK_STOP_VOLTAGE + CHG_HYSTERESIS ) that is allowed when charging. If one of the cells <br />
<br />
exceeds this value, charging is immediately stopped.<br />
Default is 100mV/cell.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CHG_START_VOLTAGE<br />
| <br />
If cell voltage is below this value, charging can be started.<br />
Default is 3.85V/cell.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CHG_GLOBAL_TOUT<br />
| <br />
Global charge timeout.<br />
Default is 240 min.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CHG_TOPPING_TOUT<br />
| <br />
After an overvoltage condition is detected for a cell (for Lithium based batteries), a resting period is set by this <br />
<br />
timer before applying a small topping charge - in case other cells are still not charged.<br />
Default is 60s.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CHG_TEMP_COLD<br />
| <br />
COLD temperature threshold for temperature compensated charge current regulation.<br />
Default 5°C(FW ver 1.0)<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CHG_TEMP_COOL<br />
| <br />
COOL temperature threshold for temperature compensated charge current regulation.<br />
Default 10°C(FW ver 1.0)<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CHG_TEMP_WARM<br />
| <br />
WARM temperature threshold for temperature compensated charge current regulation.<br />
Default 50°C(FW ver 1.0)<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CHG_TEMP_HOT<br />
| <br />
HOT temperature threshold for temperature compensated charge current regulation.<br />
Default 55°C(FW ver 1.0)<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| UPS_VCELL_ADC_OFFSET<br />
| <br />
This value will be summed with the measured cell voltages, this is a calibration parameter. Default is 0mV.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| CHG_CELL_VCOND<br />
| <br />
Conditioning/Pre-charge voltage. Charge current is limited until cell voltage exceeds this value and for at least <br />
<br />
CHG_TCOND time . Default is 3.3V<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| BAL_VCELL_MIN<br />
| <br />
Balancing is allowed if cell voltages are above this value.<br />
Default is 3.4V<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| BAL_VCELL_DIFF_START<br />
| <br />
If the voltage difference between cells exceeds this value, cell balancing will start.<br />
Default is 80mV.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| BAL_VCELL_DIFF_STOP<br />
| <br />
If the voltage difference between cells is less than this value, cell balancing will stop.<br />
Default is 40mV.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| OCV_SOC0<br />
| <br />
Open Circuit Voltage State Of Charge detection for initial 0% fuel gauge estimation.<br />
Default is 3.3V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| OCV_SOC10<br />
| <br />
Open Circuit Voltage State Of Charge detection for initial 10% fuel gauge estimation.<br />
Default is 3.68V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| OCV_SOC25<br />
| <br />
Open Circuit Voltage State Of Charge detection for initial 25% fuel gauge estimation.<br />
Default is 3.76V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| OCV_SOC50<br />
| <br />
Open Circuit Voltage State Of Charge detection for initial 50% fuel gauge estimation.<br />
Default is 3.82V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| OCV_SOC75<br />
| <br />
Open Circuit Voltage State Of Charge detection for initial 75% fuel gauge estimation.<br />
Default is 3.97V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| OCV_SOC100<br />
| <br />
Open Circuit Voltage State Of Charge detection for initial 100% fuel gauge estimation.<br />
Default is 4.17V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| POUT_HIGH_THRESHOLD<br />
| <br />
If output power measured is higher than this threshold the connected motherboard is considered to be ON.<br />
Together with POUT_LOW_THRESHOLD parameter sets a hysteresis for motherboard status. CONFIG1.b2 must be set in order to be active. Default is 3000mW.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| POUT_LOW_THRESHOLD<br />
| <br />
If output power measured is lower than this threshold the connected motherboard is considered to be OFF.<br />
Together with POUT_HIGH_THRESHOLD parameter sets a hysteresis for motherboard status. CONFIG1.b2 must be set in order to be active. Default is 1000mW.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Software manual==<br />
===Windows OS built-in support===<br />
The NUC-UPS implements two generic USB classes, therefore most of the operating systems are recognizing it without <br />
<br />
any additional driver installation. This two classes are:<br />
a.) "HID UPS Battery" for OS built-in communication.<br />
Microsoft Windows versions are recognizing this class automatically and the device should appear in device manager <br />
<br />
at Batteries as a "Hid ups battery", together with all settings and power plan possibilities provided by the OS for <br />
<br />
any battery.<br />
b.) "HID" for communication and configuration<br />
This endpoint is a generic HID and it is used by our configuration and monitor software to read/write voltages and <br />
<br />
other important parameters of the NUC-UPS. This endpoint does not needs any additional driver either, Microsoft <br />
<br />
Windows OS should recognize it as a generic HID USB device.<br />
<br />
===Configuration software===<br />
The configuration software provides interface for NUC-UPS monitoring, logging and setup.<br />
It's recommended to be used by users with deeper understanding of the NUC-UPS hardware since permits setting <br />
<br />
voltages, currents and other parameters which can be<br />
dangerous if they are set without precaution.<br /><br />
The configuration software has three main screens (Status-UPS, Status-Charger and Settings) and a header with the <br />
<br />
important voltage/current values.<br /><br />
<br />
====The first main screen is the "Status-UPS"====<br />
Example of this screen is shown in the next image:<br /><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:NUC-UPS-Status.JPG|x350px|thumb|left|Status screen]]<br />
</div><br />
<br />
The title bar shows the connection status, the firmware version and the mode of the NUC-UPS. Example: "NUC-UPS <br />
<br />
Connected v1.0 Mode: Dumb"<br />
<br />
The header of the status screen contains:<br />
:VIn: Input Voltage<br />
:VIgn: Ignition Voltage<br />
:VBat: Battery Voltage<br />
:VOut: Output Voltage<br />
:POut: Output Power<br />
:IOut: Output Current<br />
:Battery pack %: Battery percentage<br />
:[0]: Battery 0 status<br />
:[1]: Battery 1 status<br />
:[2]: Battery 2 status<br />
:[3]: Battery 3 status<br />
:[Pack]: Battery pack overall voltage and current<br />
<br />
The "Status-UPS" screen contains extended information about the current state of the NUC-UPS like internal state <br />
<br />
machine, voltages, currents, temperature, different read only state flags.<br />
The user also have the possibility to log the current state into a *.csv file in the "Log" section.<br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
====The second main screen is the "Status-Charger"====<br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:NUC-UPS-Charger.JPG|x350px|thumb|left|Status screen]]<br />
</div><br />
Contains extended information about current state of the NUC-UPS battery charger (internal state machines, flags)<br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
====The third main screen is the "Settings"====<br />
Example of this screen is shown in the next image:<br /><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:NUC-UPS-Settings.JPG|x350px|thumb|left|Settings screen]]<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
This screen contains two main sections: the individual parameter setup for experienced users and the parameter <br />
<br />
save/load into/from file section.<br />
<br />
The main section of the "Settings" screen is the individual parameter settings.<br><br />
This is recommended to be done only by experienced users. Any parameter of the NUC-UPS can be set from here.<br />
<br />
Changing one parameter is simple:<br />
:- select the desired parameter from the "Parameter" list (simple click to select, double-click to edit). Below the <br />
<br />
parameter list a helper text is displayed (same from this manual).<br />
:- after double click introduce the new value in the new popup dialog and press OK<br />
:- the introduced value is checked - if something is wrong (out of limit, bad value etc.) error message will be <br />
<br />
shown<br />
:- the ! sign will blink on the "Sync all parameters to the NUC-UPS" button to show edited but not saved/synced <br />
<br />
variables<br />
:- after You have done with all parameter setting press the "Sync all parameters to the NUC-UPS" button to send all <br />
<br />
values to the NUC-UPS. IMPORTANT: without this step the new values will be lost, nothing is sent to the NUC-UPS!<br />
<br />
IMPORTANT: any parameter setting is taken into account by the NUC-UPS in this cases:<br />
: - after a full restart either with power cut from all sources (usb, vin)<br />
: - hitting the "Restart NUC-UPS" button<br />
: - keeping the "Reload parameters on the fly after sync" checked. <br />
Do any parameter change with precaution, check the parameters and wires before applying it!<br />
<br />
For users who need to setup more devices with the same NUC-UPS settings, it is recommended to use the save/load <br />
<br />
parameters buttons.<br />
The "Parameters: NUC-UPS ===> File (settings.ini)" button loads a full configuration from the NUC-UPS and saves it <br />
<br />
to the settings.ini file. You can disconnect<br />
the current NUC-UPS from the USB and insert a new one, than press the "Parameters: NUC-UPS <=== File (settings.ini)" <br />
<br />
button to send the last saved configuration into the new NUC-UPS.<br />
<br />
The "Parameters: NUC-UPS ===> CSV File (settings.csv)" button loads all parameters from the connected NUC-UPS and <br />
<br />
saves it into a csv file. This type of file can be opened by any spreadsheet editor (OpenOffice, Microsoft Excel <br />
<br />
etc.) and contains the full set of parameters in human readable form.<br />
<br />
The "Switch to bootloader" button is intended to be used for firmware updates. After You press this button the NUC-<br />
<br />
UPS will disconnect, it will switch to bootloader mode and firmware can be updated as described [[NUC-<br />
<br />
UPS#Bootloader_Mode|here]] <br />
<br />
Every save/load/sync operation on the "Settings" screen affects the progress bar and the status bar on the bottom of <br />
<br />
the screen (labelled with "State:"). In rare cases You<br />
might get error here with "try again" message. This happens in case of one parameter byte get's corrupted or timeout <br />
<br />
occurs during USB communication and/or NUC-UPS flashing<br />
operation. Please try again and contact our support team only if the device gives this error 4-5 times in a row.<br />
<br />
===Windows System monitor===<br />
The system monitor is a tray bar software which shows the current state on the tray bar icon and a semi transparent <br />
<br />
"always on top" capable small window.<br><br />
The popup window can be moved anywhere on the screen and can be customized. Our current setup has two skins but any <br />
<br />
combination is possible playing with the<br />
"skin*.mbs" files installed together with this application. The current skin can be selected right clicking on the <br />
<br />
try icon.<br />
The "skin*.mbs" files are simple text ones editable with any text editor (notepad for example).<br> <br />
Adding a new skin is pretty simple – make a skin1.mbs (use the existing skin0.mbs for starting content) and start <br />
<br />
playing with the values from the new<br />
file.<br><br />
The values are self explanatory – skin name, background image files, font descriptions and label/value pair <br />
<br />
coordinates for all the important NUC-UPS values.<br />
The size of the popup is defined by the background image – transparent parts can be defined as well (see for <br />
<br />
example: "bubble1.bmp").<br />
Example screenshots:<br /><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:NUCUPS_sm_tray2.jpg|x150px|thumb|left|System monitor skin1 connected]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:NUCUPS_sm_tray3.jpg|x150px|thumb|left|System monitor skin1 disconnected]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
Right clicking on the tray icon will pop-up a simple menu:<br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:NUCUPS_sm_menu.jpg|x150px|thumb|left|System monitor settings]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
From which You can see firmware version and state of the NUC-UPS from the NUC-UPS Properties and set some visual <br />
<br />
parameters of the application (transparency, skin) from Skin:<br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:NUCUPS_sm_traysettings.jpg|x150px|thumb|left|System monitor settings]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
For auto start with the system make a shortcut of AppTray.exe from the standalone package in the system Startup ([https://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/run-program-automatically-windows-starts#1TC=windows-7 Windows 7], [https://support.microsoft.com/kb/2806079 Windows 8]).<br />
<br />
===Download software===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"<br />
<br />
|'''Version'''||'''Change list'''<br />
|-<br />
||[https://wiki.mini-box.com/images/3/33/NUCUPSv1.0.zip '''1.0''']||First version<br />
|-<br />
||[https://wiki.mini-box.com/images/5/55/NUCUPSv1.1.zip '''1.1''']||Update for Firmware 1.1<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Developer manual===<br />
Mini-box.com provides one NUC-UPS API in a DLL (NUCUpsLib.dll) and examples in Visual C++, Visual Basic and Visual <br />
<br />
C#.<br><br />
Basic C++/Visual Basic/C# knowledge is needed to use this examples together with the API.<br />
The API dll has manifest embedded to permit C# and Visual Basic dynamic load.<br />
<br />
The API has a set of functions exported to access the full functionality of the NUC-UPS.<br />
This functions are:<br />
<code><br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API const char* STATE_MACHINE_UPS[14];//state machine UPS<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API const char* STATE_MACHINE_AFE[8];//state machine AFE<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API const char* STATE_MACHINE_CHG[16];//state machine Charger<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API const char* STATE_MACHINE_DTCT[16];//state machine Detect<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API const char* STATE_MACHINE_LOWP[4];//state machine low power states<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char nucupsOpenDeviceHandler(unsigned int timer);//open device handler. timer <br />
<br />
sets the refresh period in miliseconds (4 or 5 messages will be sent in this period e ending from debug mode) <br />
<br />
IMPORTANT: the handler can be kept open to notice any NUC-UPS plugged in<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API void nucupsCloseDeviceHandler();//close device handler<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API void getNUCUpsDevicePath(char* path);//Get opened device path @param path - recommended <br />
<br />
length 1024, will return empty string if no device opened<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char isNUCUpsConnected();//0=not connected, 1=normal state,2=loading settings <br />
<br />
from device,3=saving settings from pc,4=saving settings from file<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsMode();//get NUC-UPS mode: 0=Dumb, 1=Automotive<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned int getNUCUpsInputFlags();//get NUC-UPS input flags<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned int getNUCUpsOutputFlags();//get NUC-UPS output flags<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned int getNUCUpsChargerFlags();//get NUC-UPS charger flags<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned int getNUCUpsStateFlags();//get NUC-UPS state flags<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned int getNUCUpsShutdownFlags();//get NUC-UPS shutdown flags<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API float getNUCUpsVIn();//get NUC-UPS Input Voltage<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API float getNUCUpsIOut();//get NUC-UPS Output Current<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API float getNUCUpsVOut();//get NUC-UPS Output voltage<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API float getNUCUpsVBats(int i);//get NUC-UPS battery voltages<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API float getNUCUpsTemperature(int i);//get NUC-UPS battery temperature<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsCellBalanceOn(int i);//get NUC-UPS balanced battery (discharged)<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsCellDetected(int i);//get NUC-UPS battery detected<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API float getNUCUpsVIgnition();//get NUC-UPS Ignition Voltage<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API float getNUCUpsPOut();//get NUC-UPS Output Power<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API float getNUCUpsVBat();//get NUC-UPS Bat voltage<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API float getNUCUpsVPack();//get NUC-UPS Pack voltage<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API float getNUCUpsIChgDchg();//get NUC-UPS Charge/Discharge current<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned int getNUCUpsSpecConsts(unsigned int type, unsigned int index);//get NUC-UPS <br />
<br />
special constants<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsVerMajor();//get NUC-UPS major version of the firmware<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsVerMinor();//get NUC-UPS minor version of the firmware<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsState();//0 - not connected, 1 - running from battery, 2 - from <br />
<br />
vin, 3 - from USB<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API void setNUCUpsDBGMode(unsigned char dbg);//set dbg mode <br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsDbgByte(int i);//get NUC-UPS debug bytes - valid only after <br />
<br />
setNUCUpsDBGMode(1)<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsDbg2Byte(int i);//get NUC-UPS debug bytes - valid only after <br />
<br />
setNUCUpsDBGMode(1)<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsDbg3Byte(int i);//get NUC-UPS debug bytes - valid only after <br />
<br />
setNUCUpsDBGMode(1)<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned int getNUCUpsTimer(unsigned int cnt);//get NUC-UPS timer<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned int getNUCUpsStateMachines(unsigned int cnt);//get NUC-UPS internal state <br />
<br />
machines 0=UPS 1=AFE 2=Charger 3=Detect 4=Batterymanager<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned int getNUCUpsChgTimer(unsigned int cnt);//get NUC-UPS charger timers<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsChargeEndedCondition();//get NUC-UPS charge ended<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsBatteryLevel();//get NUC-UPS battery level (percents 0-100)<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned int getNUCUpsCPUUsage();//get NUC-UPS CPU usage<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API void restartNUCUps();//restart NUC-UPS <br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API void restartNUCUpsInBootloaderMode();//restart NUC-UPS in bootloader mode<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned int getNUCUpsMaxVariableCnt();//get NUC-UPS maximum variable count<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsVariableData(unsigned int cnt, char* name, char* value, char* unit, <br />
<br />
char* comment);//get NUC-UPS variable data<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API void startNUCUpsLoadingSettings(unsigned char to_file, unsigned char <br />
<br />
compare_with_old);//start loading data from device<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsLoadingSettingsState();//get load settings current state: 0-64 - <br />
<br />
steps, 100=success, 0xF1-0xFF=failure<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char setNUCUpsVariableData(unsigned int cnt, char* value);//set NUC-UPS variable <br />
<br />
data for a given variable <br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API void startNUCUpsSaveSettings(unsigned char from_file);//start saving data to device<br />
:extern "C" NUCUPSLIB_API unsigned char getNUCUpsSaveSettingsState();//get saving current state: 0-64 - steps, <br />
<br />
100=success, 0xF1-0xFF=failure<br />
See the examples for usage.<br />
</code><br />
<br />
IMPORTANT: the API dll needs 4 files from Visual Studio 2005 redistribution pack (Microsoft.VC80.CRT.manifest, <br />
<br />
msvcm80.dll, msvcp80.dll, msvcr80.dll).<br />
<br />
IMPORTANT: the API supports only one NUC-UPS connected to the computer.<br />
<br />
====Visual C++ Example====<br />
Open TestAPI.sln from the package, set CLibTest project as active project, run it and see CLibTest.cpp for usage <br />
<br />
example.<br />
====Visual Basic Example====<br />
Open TestAPI.sln from the package, set VBLibTest project as active project, run it and see Module1.vb for usage <br />
<br />
example.<br />
====Visual C# Example====<br />
Open TestAPI.sln from the package, set CSLibTest project as active project, run it and see Program.cs for usage <br />
<br />
example.<br />
<br />
===Download API and example projects===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"<br />
<br />
|'''Version'''||'''Change list'''<br />
|-<br />
||[https://wiki.mini-box.com/images/3/35/NUCUPSApiTestV1.0.zip '''1.0''']||First version<br />
|-<br />
||[https://wiki.mini-box.com/images/a/af/NUCUPSApiTestV1.1.zip '''1.1''']||Update for Firmware 1.1<br />
|}</div>Adminhttps://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/DCDC-NUCDCDC-NUC2020-10-20T12:55:18Z<p>Admin: Created the page</p>
<hr />
<div>'''6-48V Intelligent Automotive grade Power Supply'''<br><br><br />
==Introduction==<br />
The DCDC-NUC was designed to provide user specified(+12V or +19V) regulated power output from a wide input voltage(6V-48V). Default output setting is set to +12V.<br><br />
It has a range of intelligent functions not found in any traditional USB DC-DC converters.<br><br />
The unit is able to send ON/OFF ‘pulse signals’ to motherboards based on filtered input voltage levels or Ignition sensing, making it an ideal device for automotive or battery powered installations.<br><br />
Two main [http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Operating_modes'''modes of operation'''] are possible:DUMB and AUTOMOTIVE.<br><br />
The output voltage setting (12V or 19V) can be changed through the <br />
[http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Configuration_switches '''Configuration switches'''] .<br><br />
The configuration switches can also be used to enter bootloader mode for updating firmware which is detailed in [http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Bootloader_Mode '''Bootloader Mode'''] section.<br><br />
More advanced parameters are detailed in the [http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Parameter_List '''Parameter list'''] which can be configured using the [http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Configuration_Software'''Configuration Software'''].<br><br />
<br />
==Product images==<br />
<span style="display:inline-block;padding:5px; width:150px; border:1px solid #eee;margin-right:15px;">[[File:Mini-Box-DCDC-NUC-front.png|150px|front view]]</span><span style="display:inline-block;padding:5px; width:150px; border:1px solid #eee;margin-right:15px;">[[File:Mini-Box-DCDC-NUC-isometric.png|150px|isometric view]]</span><span style="display:inline-block;padding:5px; width:150px; border:1px solid #eee;margin-right:15px;">[[File:Mini-Box-DCDC-NUC-back.png|150px|back view]]</span><span style="display:inline-block;padding:5px; width:150px; border:1px solid #eee;margin-right:15px;">[[File:Mini-Box-DCDC-NUC-angle.png|150px|angle view]]</span><span style="display:inline-block;padding:5px; width:150px; border:1px solid #eee;margin-right:15px;">[[File:Mini-Box-DCDC-NUC-cables.png|150px|cables view]]</span><br />
<br><br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
* Input between 6V-48V<br><br />
* Programmable voltage thresholds<br><br />
* Selectable output voltage(+12V,+19V)<br><br />
* Anti Thump output in automotive mode<br><br />
* Motherboard startup/shutdown control by ON/OFF pulse<br><br />
* Motherboard shutdown control by USB<br><br />
* Highly customizable startup/shutdown timers<br><br />
* Low Power consumption<br><br />
* HID-USB connection<br><br />
* Input, Output Voltage and Current measurement<br><br />
* Temperature measurement<br><br />
* Motherboard detection using output Power measurements or 5V USB<br><br />
* Programmable Spread Frequency Modulation for reduced EMI<br><br />
* [http://wiki.mini-box.com/images/0/07/DCDCNUC_Dimensions.pdf Physical dimensions]<br><br />
<br />
==Operating modes==<br />
The operating modes can be selected by setting the NUCMODE parameter to 0(DUMB mode) or 1(AUTOMOTIVE mode) using the [http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Configuration_Software'''Configuration Software''']. The default setting is AUTOMOTIVE.<br />
For basic operation, you would need to connect a power source to the input connector. Polarity is marked on the PCB. See [http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Diagram_.26_Schematics Diagram & Schematics] section for further details<br><br />
Without any further settings if the input conditions are satisfied the unit will generate +12V regulated.<br><br />
Further parameters can be customized by changing in the [http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Parameter_List Parameter List].<br />
For configuration or firmware update USB connection is sufficient.<br><br />
<br />
===Dumb Mode===<br />
;Starting the unit<br />
:In this mode starting can be performed by applying an input voltage higher than the value set by the VIN_MIN_STARTUP parameter.In order to filter out unwanted noise the input voltage should be higher than this threshold for the duration set by the VIN_COUNT parameter.<br><br />
:12V output and Thump output will be activated.<br><br />
:After output is ON and a timeout elapses set by the MOB_PULSE_TOUT parameter, the motherboard will be pulsed with a 500ms pulse set by the MOB_PULSEWIDTH parameter.<br />
<br />
;Stopping the unit<br />
:During ON state output will be only turned OFF immediately if the filtered input voltage becomes less than the threshold set by the VIN_MIN_RUNNING parameter.<br><br />
<br />
===Automotive Mode===<br />
;Starting the unit<br />
:In this mode Starting can be performed by applying input voltage higher than the value set by the VIN_MIN_STARTUP parameter and applying ignition voltage higher than the IGN_HIGH_THRESHOLD parameter.<br><br />
:The input voltage should be higher than VIN_MIN_STARTUP for the duration set by the VIN_COUNT parameter.<br><br />
:The Ignition voltage must be higher than IGN_HIGH_THRESHOLD for the duration set by the IGN_COUNT parameter in order to filter out unwanted noise in automotive environment.<br><br />
:After Ignition is considered ON output will be turned ON after IGN_ON_TO_OUTPUT_ON_TOUT elapses.<br><br />
:12V output will be activated. Thump output will be activated after timeout elapses set by the THUMP_TOUT parameter.<br><br />
:After output is ON and a timeout elapses set by the MOB_PULSE_TOUT parameter, the motherboard will be pulsed with a 500ms pulse set by the MOB_PULSEWIDTH parameter.<br><br />
<br />
;Stopping the unit<br />
:During ON state output will be only turned OFF immediately if the filtered input voltage becomes less than the threshold set by the VIN_MIN_RUNNING parameter.<br><br />
:If Ignition voltage becomes lower than IGN_LOW_THRESHOLD and Ignition canceling is over (set by the IGN_CANCEL_TOUT parameter) a shutdown sequence will be initiated<br />
:If Ignition is considered OFF the motherboard is pulsed for shutdown after IGN_OFF_TO_MOB_PULSE_OFF_TOUT elapses.<br />
:After the HARD_OFF_TOUT timeout elapses the output will be turned OFF and the unit will enter in a low power state.<br />
<br />
===Motherboard control===<br />
The following options are available to control the motherboard by pulsing the on/off pins on the motherboard.<br />
First the the motherboard on/off pins should be connected to the P4.1,P4.3 pin on the P4 [http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Interface_connectors '''Interface_connector'''].<br><br />
The pulse width is 500ms by default which can be altered by changing MOB_PULSEWIDTH parameter from the [http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Parameter_List '''Parameter_List'''].<br><br />
There are various ways to control the motherboard depending the configuration of the CONFIG1 register from the [http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Parameter_List '''Parameter_List'''].<br><br />
Example:If startup of the motherboard is not needed when input is present, the startup pulse can be disabled by setting CONFIG1.b1 to 0.<br><br />
The same way the shutdown pulse can be inhibited by setting CONFIG1.b2 to 0.<br><br />
There are cases when motherboard started(ON) or OFF presence must be detected in order starting/stopping by pulses behavior work properly.<br><br />
For example the Operating System could be shutdown already from software. In case the unit is is a shutdown sequence not knowing this piece of information would lead by sending the shutdown pulse which would wake up instead the system.<br><br />
There are two kinds of feedback information to detect motherboard status.<br><br><br />
The first detection mode is by measuring the consumed output power, knowing that a motherboard when started consumes much more power than when in standby.<br><br />
In order to enable this feature the following steps should be performed:<br><br />
1. Enable this feature, CONFIG1.b3 should be set to 1.<br><br />
2. Observe and note the consumption of the connected motherboard when in standby and when is ON.<br />
Our unit measures the output power(POUT) which is displayed in the configuration software.<br><br />
3. Set POUT_HIGH_THRESHOLD and POUT_LOW_THRESHOLD parameters from the [http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Parameter_List '''Parameter_List'''] accordingly with a good margin. <br><br />
POUT<POUT_LOW_THRESHOLD motherboard is considered OFF.<br><br />
POUT>POUT_HIGH_THRESHOLD motherboard is considered ON.<br><br><br />
The second detection mode is by measuring the +5VUSB signal. Usually motherboards turn OFF the +5VUSB signal when they are OFF.<br><br />
In order to enable this feature CONFIG1.b5 must be set to 1.<br><br><br />
If CONFIG1.b4 set, the PSU can shut down the OS by sending a Power Button event on USB.<br />
<br />
==Diagram & Schematics==<br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;">[[File:Nucconnectors.png|230px|thumb|left|Connectors nomenclature]]</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
==Connectors==<br />
===Power Input connectors===<br />
;P1 Output (4pin mini-FIT JR)<br />
: P1.1, P1.2 - GND<br />
: P1.3, P1.4 - Output voltage<br />
;P2 Input (4pin mini-FIT JR)<br />
: P1.1 - GND<br />
: P1.2 - Ignition<br />
: P1.3 - Input voltage<br />
: P1.4 - Thump<br />
;P7 Auxiliary output<br />
: P7.1, P7.2 - GND<br />
: P7.3, P7.4 - Output voltage<br />
<br />
===Interface connectors===<br />
;P4 Motherboard POWER SW connection, no polarity (JST PH connector, 3pin)<br />
: P4.1: SW1<br />
: P4.2: GND<br />
: P4.3: SW2<br />
;P6 USB header (not populated)<br />
: P6.1: GND<br />
: P6.2: USB D+<br />
: P6.3: USB D-<br />
: P6.4: +5V<br />
;P3 programming header, MCU reset (POGO pins)<br />
: P3.1: nMCLR<br />
: P3.2: GND<br />
: P3.3: +5V<br />
: P3.4: PGD<br />
: P3.5: PGC<br />
;P5 USB connector (micro-USB connector)<br />
<br />
===Configuration switches===<br />
<div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;">[[File:DIP SW.png|230px|thumb|left|DIP Switch closeup]]</div><br />
;Switch 1<br />
: ON : Output voltage is 19V<br />
: OFF: Output voltage is 12V<br />
;Switch 2<br />
: Reserved<br />
;Switch 3<br />
: Reserved<br />
;Switch 4<br />
: Reserved<br />
;Switch 5<br />
: ON : Switch to Bootloader mode<br />
: OFF: Switch to Firmware mode<br />
<br />
Switching between the two available output voltages must be done with the device powered off.<br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
==NUC and OS Settings==<br />
<br><br />
*'''NUC related settings'''<br><br><br />
<div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;">[[File:BIOS.png|230px|thumb|left|NUC Visual BIOS 2.0 Setting]]</div><br />
:Setting up the NUC's behavior when power is re-applied:<br><br />
:- press '''F2''' key during the boot sequence to entering the NUC's BIOS (Visual BIOS 2.0)<br><br />
:- first click on '''Advanced''' then click on '''Power''' menu button<br><br />
:- in '''Secondary Power Settings''' section select '''Power On''' option for '''After Power Failure'''<br><br />
:- the picture shows the right option in a red framework<br><br />
:- now the power supply should be able to '''START''' the NUC by applying corresponding voltage to its power input<br><br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
*'''OS related settings'''<br><br><br />
<div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;">[[File:Power BTN.png|230px|thumb|left|Windows 7 Power Button Setting]]</div><br />
:Setting up the Windows 7 '''Power Button''' behavior:<br><br />
:- from '''Control Panel''' select '''Power Options''' then on the left pane select '''Choose what the power buttons do''' (or do: Control Panel\Hardware and Sound\Power Options\System Settings)<br><br />
:- then at '''Power and sleep button settings''' select '''Shut down''' option for power button<br><br />
:- the picture shows the right option in a red framework<br><br />
:- now the power supply should be able to '''STOP''' the OS (and thus the NUC too) by sending a shut down command via USB<br><br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
Note: CONFIG1 parameter bit4 field should be set to "1" (see [http://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php?title=DCDC-NUC#Parameter_List Parameter List])<br />
<br />
==Bootloader Mode==<br />
It is recommended that you only connect USB power to the device <br />
when making a firmware update via “bootloader mode”.<br />
<br />
There are two ways to enter in bootloader mode: 1a) or 1b).<br><br />
1a) Slide the SW1 DIP switch button 1 in ON position.<br><br />
1b) Press the Switch to bootloader button on the configuration software's user interface.<br><br />
2) Start the [http://wiki.mini-box.com/images/a/ae/Bootloader_Software.zip '''HIDBootloader v2.9j.exe'''] software provided to flash the new firmware.<br><br />
3) Press File->Import Firmware Image<br><br />
4) Press Open new Hex [http://wiki.mini-box.com/images/8/8b/DCDC-NUC_FW_ver_1.4_for_loading_with_bootloader.zip '''File''']<br><br />
5) Press Program->Erase/Program/Verify Device<br><br />
6) If used option 1a) slide the SW1 DIP switch button 1 in OFF position, else skip this step.<br><br />
7) Press Program->Reset Device<br><br />
8) After the device reconnects on USB with the configuration software the new firmware version will be displayed in the title bar of the software.<br><br />
<br />
==Blink modes==<br />
'''Deep Sleep'''<br><br />
2 fast blinks and a pause, repeated every 5s<br><br />
Low energy state,used in AUTOMOTIVE mode<br><br />
<br />
'''Initial delay or USB only mode'''<br><br />
3 fast blinks and a pause, repeated every 750ms<br><br />
Signals the Initial Delay, before conditions are met for startup or if the unit is only USB powered<br><br />
<br />
'''Output ON'''<br><br />
Led is allways ON, signals the Output is ON<br><br />
<br />
'''OffDelay'''<br><br />
Led is blinking every 2 sec,ON for 1 sec, OFF for 1 sec<br><br />
In AUTOMOTIVE mode, signals the period between Ignition is OFF and the Motherboard OFF pulse is sent, see IGN_OFF_TO_MOB_PULSE_OFF_TOUT parameter<br><br />
<br />
'''HardwareOff Delay'''<br><br />
Led is blinking 3 times during a 2 sec period<br><br />
In AUTOMOTIVE mode, signals the period between Motherboard OFF pulse is sent and Output is turned OFF, see HARD_OFF_TOUT parameter<br><br />
<br />
==Characteristics==<br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left; padding-right: 10px; border-right: 1px solid #ccc;"><br />
Minimum Input Operating voltage<br><br />
Maximum input Operating voltage<br><br />
Sleep mode Current Consumption<br><br />
Storage and operating temperature<br><br />
MTBF<br><br />
Input connectors<br><br />
Output Connector<br><br />
</div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left; margin-left: 10px;"><br />
6V<br><br />
48V <br><br />
1mA<br><br />
-40<sup>o</sup>C to +85<sup>o</sup>C (storage), -40<sup>o</sup>C to +65<sup>o</sup>C (operating)<br><br />
50K Hrs @ 85<sup>o</sup>C, >= 200K Hrs at 65<sup>o</sup>C (projected)<br><br />
Mini-Fit JR<br><br />
Mini-Fit JR<br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
'''Output/Input Rail Output Current (buck/boost converter)'''<br />
<br><br />
Maximum input current: 5A<br><br />
Peak Input current: 6A(<30 seconds)<br><br />
Maximum output current: 5A (input current dependent)<br><br />
Peak output Current: 6A(<30 seconds @48V input)<br><br />
<br />
NOTE:<br />
When operating at high voltage (input or output) or/or operating at elevated temperatures <br />
de-rating up to 30% might be necessary, forced ventilation required.<br />
For long life operation, please ensure that hottest component on-board is kept below 65C.<br />
<br />
Efficiency Measurements (voltages measured at input/output connectors)<br><br><br />
[[File:Efficiency Vout 12V.png]][[File:Efficiency Vout 19V.png]]<br />
<br />
==Support and warranty==<br />
Standard Hardware Warranty 1Year / US, 2 Year EU.<br />
<br />
==Parameter List==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! NAME<br />
! Description<br />
|-<br />
| NUCMODE[-]<br />
| <pre><br />
0-Dumb mode (DUMB)<br />
1-Automotive mode (AUTOMOTIVE)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| INIT_TOUT[ms]<br />
| <br />
When all power supply start-up conditions are met, the PSU will wait this time before continuing with the start-up sequence.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| VIN_MIN_STARTUP[mV]<br />
| <br />
If the input voltage is beyond this threshold and all other start-up conditions are met, the PSU can start.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| VIN_MIN_RUNNING[mV]<br />
| <br />
Instantly turn off the PSU if the input voltage is below this threshold.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| VIN_MAX_SHUTDOWN[mV]<br />
| <br />
If the input voltage is below this threshold and all other start-up conditions are met, the PSU can start.<br> <br />
If this condition is not satisfied during run time, the PSU will turn off instantly.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| VIN_MIN_DEEP_DISCHARGE[mV]<br />
| <br />
If input voltage is below this threshold during IGN_OFF_TO_MOB_PULSE_OFF_TOUT then shutdown sequence will be initiated immediately.<br><br />
If input voltage is below this threshold during HARDOFF, output will be turned OFF immediately depending on CONFIG1 bits.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| VIN_COUNT[ms]<br />
| <br />
Input voltage filtering<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IGN_COUNT[ms]<br />
| <br />
Ignition voltage filtering<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IGN_HIGH_THRESHOLD[mV]<br />
| <br />
If ignition voltage is beyond this threshold, ignition is considered to be ON.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IGN_LOW_THRESHOLD[mV]<br />
| <br />
If ignition voltage is below this threshold, ignition is considered to be OFF.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IGN_ON_TO_OUTPUT_ON_TOUT[s]<br />
| <br />
After ignition is considered ON, the PSU will wait this time before the output is turned ON.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| THUMP_TOUT[s]<br />
| <br />
After the output is turned ON, the PSU will wait this time before the THUMP output gets enabled. This setting is only valid in automotive mode.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| MOB_PULSE_TOUT[ms]<br />
| <br />
After the output is turned ON, the PSU will wait this time before sending the start-up pulse to the motherboard.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| MOB_PULSE_WIDTH[ms]<br />
| <br />
The length of the start-up/shutdown pulse sent to the motherboard.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IGN_CANCEL_TOUT[s]<br />
| <br />
After the motherboard boots up, the ignition voltage sensing will be disabled for this period.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IGN_OFF_TO_MOB_PULSE_OFF_TOUT[s]<br />
| <br />
If ignition is considered to be OFF, the PSU will wait this time before sending the shutdown pulse to the motherboard.<br><br />
This shutdown signal can be sent through the ON/OFF pins or through USB, depending on the configuration of the CONFIG1 parameter.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| HARD_OFF_TOUT[s]<br />
| <br />
After the shutdown pulse is sent to the motherboard, the PSU will wait this time before the output is turned OFF.<br><br />
This time-out allows the operating system to perform a clean shutdown.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| IOUT_LIMIT[mA]<br />
| <br />
Output current limit setting. Resolution is 1280mA, minimum setting is 560mA.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| PWM_SPREAD_MODULATING_PERIOD[ms]<br />
| <br />
Modulation period parameter of the Random Spread Frequency Modulation module (used for EMI reduction purposes)<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| PWM_SPREAD_PERCENT[%]<br />
| <br />
Frequency deviation parameter of the Random Spread Frequency Modulation module (used for EMI reduction purposes)<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| PWM_FREQ[kHz]<br />
| <br />
Operating frequency of the Switched Mode Power Supply. Default 300kHz<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CONFIG1[bit7..bit0]<br />
|<br />
Configuration register. Used for enabling/disabling modules. 0 - disabled, 1 - enabled <br><br />
bit7:reserved<br><br />
bit6:reserved<br><br />
bit5:If set, the USB sense is enabled, +5V USB is used to detect the Motherboard alive status<br><br />
bit4:If set, the PSU can shut down the OS by USB by sending a Power Button event.<br><br />
bit3:If set, the PSU will detect motherboard alive presence by measuring the output power consumed.Check POUT_... parameters<br><br />
bit2:If set, shutdown pulse is enabled through the PWRSW connector.<br><br />
bit1:If set, startup pulse is enabled through the PWRSW connector.<br><br />
bit0:If set, output power cycle is enabled during HARDOFF period so it can reset the connected sytem.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CONFIG2[bit7..bit0]<br />
|<br />
Configuration register. Used for enabling disabling modules. 0 - disabled, 1 - enabled<br><br />
bit7-reserved<br><br />
bit6-reserved<br><br />
bit5-reserved<br><br />
bit4-reserved<br><br />
bit3-reserved<br><br />
bit2:reserved<br><br />
bit1:reserved<br><br />
bit0:reserved<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
| POUT_HIGH_THRESHOLD[mW]<br />
| <br />
If output power measured is higher than this threshold the connected motherboard is considered to be ON.<br><br />
Together with POUT_LOW_THRESHOLD parameter sets a hysteresis for motherboard status.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| POUT_LOW_THRESHOLD[mW]<br />
| <br />
If output power measured is lower than this threshold the connected motherboard is considered to be OFF.<br><br />
Together with POUT_HIGH_THRESHOLD parameter sets a hysteresis for motherboard status.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| WRITE_COUNT[count]<br />
| <br />
The number of times the internal Flash program memory has been written.<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Software manual==<br />
===Windows OS built-in support===<br />
The DCDC-NUC implements one generic USB class (USB HID), therefore most of the<br />
operating systems are recognizing it without any additional driver installation. <br />
===Configuration Software===<br />
The configuration software provides interface for DCDC-NUC monitoring, logging and setup.<br />
It's recommended to be used by users with deeper understanding of the DCDC-NUC hardware since permits setting voltages, currents and other parameters which can be<br />
dangerous if they are set without precaution.<br /><br />
The configuration software has two main screens (Status and Settings) and a header with the important voltage/current values.<br /><br />
<br />
====The first main screen is the "Status"====<br />
Example of this screen is shown in the next image:<br /><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:DCDC-NUC-Status.JPG|x350px|thumb|left|Status screen]]<br />
</div><br />
<br />
The title bar shows the connection status, the firmware version and the mode of the DCDC-NUC. Example: "DCDC-NUC Connected v1.0 Mode: Dumb"<br />
<br />
The header of the status screen contains:<br />
:VIn: Input Voltage<br />
:VOut: Output Voltage<br />
:VThump: Thump Voltage<br />
:IIn: Input Current<br />
:IOut: Output Current<br />
:Temp: Temperature<br />
:VIgn: Ignition Voltage<br />
:POut: Output Power<br />
<br />
The "Status" screen contains extended information about the current state of the DCDC-NUC like internal state machine, voltages, currents, temperature, different read only state flags.<br />
The user also have the possibility to log the current state into a *.csv file in the "Log" section.<br />
The "Debug" section is for debug/support and can change between different firmware versions.<br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
====The second main screen is the "Settings"====<br />
Example of this screen is shown in the next image:<br /><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:DCDC-NUC-Settings.JPG|x350px|thumb|left|Settings screen]]<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
This screen contains two main sections: the individual parameter setup for experienced users and the parameter save/load into/from file section.<br />
<br />
The main section of the "Settings" screen is the individual parameter settings.<br><br />
This is recommended to be done only by experienced users. Any parameter of the DCDC-NUC can be set from here.<br />
<br />
Changing one parameter is simple:<br />
:- select the desired parameter from the "Parameter" list (simple click to select, double-click to edit). Below the parameter list a helper text is displayed (same from this manual).<br />
:- after double click introduce the new value in the new popup dialog and press OK<br />
:- the introduced value is checked - if something is wrong (out of limit, bad value etc.) error message will be shown<br />
:- the ! sign will blink on the "Sync all parameters to the DCDC-Nuc" button to show edited but not saved/synced variables<br />
:- after You have done with all parameter setting press the "Sync all parameters to the DCDC-Nuc" button to send all values to the DCDC-Nuc. IMPORTANT: without this step the new values will be lost, nothing is sent to the DCDC-NUC!<br />
<br />
IMPORTANT: any parameter setting is taken into account by the DCDC-NUC in this cases:<br />
: - after a full restart either with power cut from all sources (usb, vin)<br />
: - hitting the "Restart DCDC-Nuc" button<br />
: - keeping the "Reload parameters on the fly after sync" checked. <br />
Do any parameter change with precaution, check the parameters and wires before applying it!<br />
<br />
For users who need to setup more devices with the same DCDC-NUC settings, it is recommended to use the save/load parameters buttons.<br />
The "Parameters: DCDC-Nuc ===> File (settings.ini)" button loads a full configuration from the DCDC-Nuc and saves it to the settings.ini file. You can disconnect<br />
the current DCDC-Nuc from the USB and insert a new one, than press the "Parameters: DCDC-Nuc <=== File (settings.ini)" button to send the last saved configuration into the new DCDC-Nuc.<br />
<br />
The "Parameters: DCDC-Nuc ===> CSV File (settings.csv)" button loads all parameters from the connected DCDC-NUC and saves it into a csv file. This type of file can be opened by any spreadsheet editor (OpenOffice, Microsoft Excel etc.) and contains the full set of parameters in human readable form.<br />
<br />
The "Switch to bootloader" button is intended to be used for firmware updates. After You press this button the DCDC-NUC will disconnect, it will switch to bootloader mode and firmware can be updated as described [[DCDC-NUC#Bootloader_Mode|here]] <br />
<br />
Every save/load/sync operation on the "Settings" screen affects the progress bar and the status bar on the bottom of the screen (labelled with "State:"). In rare cases You<br />
might get error here with "try again" message. This happens in case of one parameter byte get's corrupted or timeout occurs during USB communication and/or DCDC-NUC flashing<br />
operation. Please try again and contact our support team only if the device gives this error 4-5 times in a row.<br />
<br />
===Windows System monitor===<br />
The system monitor is a tray bar software which shows the current state on the tray bar icon and a semi transparent "always on top" capable small window.<br><br />
The popup window can be moved anywhere on the screen and can be customized. Our current setup has two skins but any combination is possible playing with the<br />
"skin*.mbs" files installed together with this application. The current skin can be selected right clicking on the try icon.<br />
The "skin*.mbs" files are simple text ones editable with any text editor (notepad for example).<br> <br />
Adding a new skin is pretty simple – make a skin1.mbs (use the existing skin0.mbs for starting content) and start playing with the values from the new<br />
file.<br><br />
The values are self explanatory – skin name, background image files, font descriptions and label/value pair coordinates for all the important DCDC-NUC values.<br />
The size of the popup is defined by the background image – transparent parts can be defined as well (see for example: "bubble1.bmp").<br />
Example screenshots:<br /><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:DCDCNUC_sm_tray2.jpg|x150px|thumb|left|System monitor skin1 connected]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:DCDCNUC_sm_tray3.jpg|x150px|thumb|left|System monitor skin1 disconnected]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
Right clicking on the tray icon will pop-up a simple menu:<br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:DCDCNUC_sm_menu.jpg|x150px|thumb|left|System monitor settings]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
From which You can see firmware version and state of the DCDC-Nuc from the properties and set some visual parameters of the application (transparency, skin) from Skin:<br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:DCDCNUC_sm_traysettings.jpg|x150px|thumb|left|System monitor settings]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
For auto start with the system make a shortcut of AppTray.exe from the standalone package in the system Startup ([http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/run-program-automatically-windows-starts#1TC=windows-7 '''Windows 7'''], [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2806079 '''Windows 8''']).<br />
<br />
===Download software===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"<br />
<br />
|'''Version'''||'''Change list'''<br />
|-<br />
||[http://wiki.mini-box.com/images/c/c5/DCDCNUCv1.0.zip '''1.0''']||First version<br />
|-<br />
||[http://wiki.mini-box.com/images/4/47/DCDCNUCv1.0.0.1.zip '''1.0.0.1''']||Bugfix (MOB_PULSEWIDTH and INIT_TOUT max value risen to 2550)<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Developer manual===<br />
Mini-box.com provides one DCDC-Nuc API in a DLL (NUCLib.dll) and examples in Visual C++, Visual Basic and Visual C#.<br><br />
Basic C++/Visual Basic/C# knowledge is needed to use this examples together with the API.<br />
The API dll has manifest embedded to permit C# and Visual Basic dynamic load.<br />
<br />
The API has a set of functions exported to access the full functionality of the DCDC-NUC.<br />
This functions are:<br />
<code><br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned char nucOpenDeviceHandler(unsigned int timer);//open device handler. timer sets the refresh period in miliseconds (4 messages will be sent in this period). IMPORTANT: the handler can be kept open to notice any DCDC-NUC plugged in<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API void nucCloseDeviceHandler();//close device handler<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API void getNUCDevicePath(char* path);//Get opened device path @param path - recommended length 1024, will return empty string if no device opened<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned char isNUCConnected();//0=not connected, 1=normal state,2=loading settings from device,3=saving settings from pc,4=saving settings from file<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned char getNUCMode();//get DCDC-NUC mode: 0=Dumb, 1=Automotive<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned int getNUCInputFlags();//get DCDC-NUC input flags<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned int getNUCOutputFlags();//get DCDC-NUC output flags<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API float getNUCVIn();//get DCDC-NUC Input Voltage<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API float getNUCIIn();//get DCDC-NUC Input Current<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API float getNUCVOut();//get DCDC-NUC Output voltage<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API float getNUCIOut();//get DCDC-NUC Output Current<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API float getNUCTemperature();//get DCDC-NUC temperature - 1000 deg C is invalid value (output not enabled)<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API float getNUCVIgnition();//get DCDC-NUC Ignition Voltage<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API float getNUCPOut();//get DCDC-NUC Output Power<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API float getNUCVThump();//get DCDC-NUC Thump Voltage<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned char getNUCVerMajor();//get DCDC-NUC major version of the firmware<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned char getNUCVerMinor();//get DCDC-NUC minor version of the firmware<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned char getNUCDbgByte(int i);//get DCDC-NUC debug bytes<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned int getNUCTimer(unsigned int cnt);//get DCDC-NUC timer<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned int getNUCStateMachine();//get DCDC-NUC internal state machine<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API void restartNUC();//restart DCDC-NUC <br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API void restartNUCInBootloaderMode();//restart DCDC-NUC in bootloader mode<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API void setNUCCommand1Byte(unsigned char command, unsigned char value);//DCDC-NUC direct commands (for debugging)<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API void setNUCCommand2Byte(unsigned char command, unsigned int value);//DCDC-NUC direct commands (for debugging)<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API void setNUCCommandBuffer(int len, unsigned char* values);//DCDC-NUC direct commands (for debugging)<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned int getNUCMaxVariableCnt();//get DCDC-NUC maximum variable count<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned char getNUCVariableData(unsigned int cnt, char* name, char* value, char* unit, char* comment);//get DCDC-NUC variable data<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API void startNUCLoadingSettings(unsigned char to_file, unsigned char compare_with_old);//start loading data from device<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned char getNUCLoadingSettingsState();//get load settings current state: 0-64 - steps, 100=success, 0xF1-0xFF=failure<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned char setNUCVariableData(unsigned int cnt, char* value);//set DCDC-NUC variable data for a given variable <br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API void startNUCSaveSettings(unsigned char from_file);//start saving data to device<br />
:extern "C" NUCLIB_API unsigned char getNUCSaveSettingsState();//get saving current state: 0-64 - steps, 100=success, 0xF1-0xFF=failure<br />
See the examples for usage.<br />
</code><br />
<br />
IMPORTANT: the API dll needs 4 files from Visual Studio 2005 redistribution pack (Microsoft.VC80.CRT.manifest, msvcm80.dll, msvcp80.dll, msvcr80.dll).<br />
<br />
IMPORTANT: the API supports only one DCDC-NUC connected to the computer.<br />
<br />
====Visual C++ Example====<br />
Open DCDCNUCTestAPI.sln from the package, set CLibTest project as active project, run it and see CLibTest.cpp for usage example.<br />
====Visual Basic Example====<br />
Open DCDCNUCTestAPI.sln from the package, set VBLibTest project as active project, run it and see Module1.vb for usage example.<br />
====Visual C# Example====<br />
Open DCDCNUCTestAPI.sln from the package, set CSLibTest project as active project, run it and see Program.cs for usage example.<br />
<br />
===Download API and example projects===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"<br />
<br />
|'''Version'''||'''Change list'''<br />
|-<br />
||[http://wiki.mini-box.com/images/f/f1/DCDCNUCApiTestV1.0.zip '''1.0''']||First version<br />
|-<br />
||[http://wiki.mini-box.com/images/4/44/DCDCNUCApiTestV1.0.0.1.zip '''1.0.0.1''']||Bugfix (MOB_PULSEWIDTH and INIT_TOUT max value risen to 2550)<br />
|}</div>Adminhttps://wiki.mini-box.com/index.php/OpenUPS2OpenUPS22020-10-20T12:42:04Z<p>Admin: Created the page</p>
<hr />
<div>'''11-24V Intelligent DC-DC Uninterruptible Power Supply using LiFePO4'''<br><br><br />
'''New Feature 13-24V Intelligent DC-DC Uninterruptible Power Supply using Li-Ion (section 7.6)'''<br><br><br />
'''Before you start…<br><br />
Often times, rushing into installing the unit can result in serious damage to your OPENUPS2 board or computer. Always double check the polarity of your wires with a voltmeter.<br><br><br />
'''Always double check the polarity of the batteries before introducing into the UPS device.'''<br><br />
'''Improper configuration leads to system damage!!!'''<br><br />
Use batteries from same lot, same age with same resting voltage for best results.<br><br />
<br><br />
<br />
==Introduction==<br />
The '''openUPS2''' was designed to provide user specified regulated power output from a wide input voltage, battery backup, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_iron_phosphate_battery LiFePO4] (18650 size) battery charging and cell balancing in a single PCBA.<br><br />
Battery cells are integrated in the device, no need for special cabling between cells and UPS.<br><br />
The UPS contains a synchronous boost Converter with high accuracy voltage and current regulation and automatic system power path selection from adapter or battery.<br><br />
It charges the battery in three phases: preconditioning, constant current/constant voltage mode. <br><br />
The unit can be used as an embedded UPS or as a Portable Energy Pack providing user regulated 12V-24V wherever is needed.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
'''openUPS2 features include:'''<br><br />
<br />
* USB interface, works with Windows devices (Linux API planned)<br><br />
* SMBUS slave<br><br />
* Input between 11-24V<br><br />
* Programmable voltage thresholds<br><br />
* Generate any output voltage between 12-24V, booster based design<br><br />
* Supports LiFePO4 (3.2V) battery chemistry<br><br />
* Supports Li-Ion (3.7V) battery chemistry<br><br />
* 3 state charger(precharge,constant current/constant voltage)<br><br />
* Balances 3 series batteries.<br><br />
* Charge voltage 3x3.5V, charge current 1A, precharge current 0.3A<br><br />
* Coulomb counting<br><br />
* Battery temperature monitoring for each cell and temperature compensated charging<br><br />
* Start/Stop button<br><br />
* Relay output<br><br />
* External LED connection<br><br />
* Motherboard ON/OFF pulse control*<br><br />
* Missing battery cells detection<br><br />
* Ultra low power consumption(1uA- in Deep Sleep mode) or (530uA- in Sleep mode)<br><br />
* Windows detects device as “Battery”, no special drivers required **<br />
* [http://wiki.mini-box.com/images/9/9e/OPENUPS2_Dimensions.PDF Physical dimensions]<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="display: block; width: 80%; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 20px; padding: 10px; background-color: #FEFEFE; border: 1px dotted black;"><br />
'''<nowiki>*</nowiki> MotherBoard ON/OFF control'''<br><br />
The device is able to send ON/OFF 'pulse signals' to motherboard based on coulomb counter and/or battery voltage level, or based on input voltage level or when starting by button<br><br />
'''<nowiki>**</nowiki> Windows “no driver support”'''<br><br />
Installs itself as a battery in Windows, using the Windows hid driver without any driver installation, visible as an icon in tray bar.<br />
</span><br />
<br />
==Diagram & Schematics==<br />
'''Pin1 is marked with red color.'''<br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;">[[File:Connection-diagram.png|230px|thumb|left|Connection diagram]]</div><div style="display: inline; float: left;">[[File:Block-schematic-of-the-UPS.jpg|195px|thumb|left|Block schematics of the UPS]]</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
'''3D Step Model''' - [http://arm.mini-box.com/releases/OPENUPS2_2014_jun_11.step.zip download]<br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
==Connectors==<br />
===Power Input connectors===<br />
;P1 Input (4pin mini-FIT JR)<br />
: P1.1,P1.2-GND<br />
: P1.3,P1.4-Input voltage<br />
;P2 Output (4 pin mini-FIT JR)<br />
: P2.1,P2.2-GND<br />
: P2.3,P2.4-Output voltage<br />
===Interface connectors===<br />
;P3 USB header (JST PH connector, 5pin)<br />
: P3.1: +5V<br />
: P3.2: USB D-<br />
: P3.3: USB D+<br />
: P3.4: NC<br />
: P3.5: GND<br />
;P4 bottom side programming header, bootloader jumper, MCU reset (POGO pins)<br />
: P4.1: nMCLR<br />
: P4.2: GND<br />
: P4.3: +3.3V<br />
: P4.4: PGD<br />
: P4.5: PGC<br />
;P6 Motherboard POWER SW connection, no polarity (JST PH connector, 3pin)<br />
: P6.1: SW1<br />
: P6.2: GND<br />
: P6.3: SW2<br />
;P7 External Led header in parallel connection with D10 (JST PH connector, 2pin)<br />
: P7.1: Cathode connection<br />
: P7.2:+3.3V, Anode connection<br />
;P8 SMBUS slave header (JST PH connector, 4pin)<br />
: P8.1: +3.3V<br />
: P8.2: SMBUS CLOCK<br />
: P8.3: SMBUS DATA<br />
: P8.4: GND<br />
;P9 Relay output (JST PH connector, 2pin)<br />
;P10 Start/Stop button header (JST PH connector, 2pin)<br />
<br />
===Display connectors===<br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;">'''Relay output'''<br><br />
[[File:Relay-connection.png|200px|thumb|left|Relay Connection]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;">'''D10 Green Led, in parallel with P7'''<br><br />
[[File:ExternalLED.png|155px|thumb|left|External LED]]</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
==Bootloader Mode==<br />
It is recommended that you only connect USB power to the device <br />
when making a firmware update via “bootloader mode”.<br />
There are two ways to enter in bootloader mode: 1a) or 1b).<br><br />
1a) Short connections between P4.4 and P4.5, than connect the unit to USB to enter bootloader mode '''OR'''<br><br />
1b) Press the Enter Bootloader button on the configuration software's user interface.<br><br />
2) Start the [http://arm.mini-box.com/releases/exe/HIDBootLoader.zip '''HIDBootLoader.exe'''] software provided to flash the new firmware.<br><br />
3) Press Open new Hex File for [http://wiki.mini-box.com/images/e/e7/OpenUPS_2_-FW_ver_1.5_for_loading_with_bootloader_for_Li-FePo4_2017_oct_22.zip '''LiFePO4'''] <br />
or new Hex File for [http://wiki.mini-box.com/images/7/73/OpenUPS_2_-FW_ver_1.6_for_loading_with_bootloader_for_Li-Ion_2017_oct_06.zip '''LiIon'''] .<br><br />
4) Locate the hex file and open it.<br><br />
5) Press Program/Verify.<br><br />
6) Press Reset Device.<br><br />
7) After the device reconnects on USB with the configuration software the new firmware version will be displayed in the title bar of the software.<br><br />
<br />
==Getting started==<br />
Before you start you would need to connect the unit to USB and configure:<br><br />
- Mode of Operation<br><br />
- battery capacity (default is 1000mAh)<br><br />
- output voltage (default is 12V)<br><br />
- Low power mode (default is Sleep mode) see UPSCONFIG2 parameter for detail<br />
- other advanced configuration parameters if needed<br><br><br />
'''NOTE''': After changing parameters the device needs to be restarted so the new configuration becomes active. Restart the UPS by pressing the restart button in the user configuration software. It is recommended to disconnect large loads at the output of the UPS before pressing the restart button on the user interface.<br><br />
<br />
<font color="red">'''Warning''': Improper configuration (ex: wrong under-voltage, over-voltage), reverse polarity can lead to battery damage or your system damage (ex: wrong output value)</font><br />
<br />
==UPS Configuration==<br />
<br />
The UPS can behave differently depending on settings. The OPENUPSMODE parameter sets this behaviour.<br />
0-Autorestart when input is present=yes (UPS)<br />
1-Autorestart when input is present=no (LAPTOP)<br />
2-Energy Pack mode (ON/OFF)<br />
<br />
===Mode 0 and 1===<br />
:When using the UPS embedded in a system together with a motherboard the modes 0 and 1 should be used. <br />
:Connect USB header P3 to the motherboard's internal USB header. USB connection is used to sense the motherboard's ON or OFF state.<br />
:Connect P6 header's 1 and 3 pins to the motherboard's POWER SW header. (cable provided). Connect P10 header to a push button. This push button completely eliminates the need for any additional buttons to start or stop your system.<br />
<br />
;Starting your system<br />
<br />
: Mode 0 - when adapter input voltage is present a momentary pulse is sent through P6 header starting your system immediately.<br />
: Mode 1 - the momentary pulse is not sent and your system will not be started but battery charging is possible just like in a laptop.<br />
===Mode 2===<br />
::In this mode the UPS can be a portable energy pack. Shutting down the UPS does not depend on USB connection. With the use of a push button connected to the P10 header you can instantly start and stop the UPS's output when running on battery. Connecting input power will charge the pack just like in any other modes. It also acts as an UPS providing uninterrupted output in this mode. This mode is recommended for powering devices other than motherboards or for portable energy use when working on the field and regulated 12-24V power is needed from batteries.<br />
<br />
;Stopping your system<br />
: When your system is up and running you can always stop it by pressing again on the push button or by shutting down from the OS(Operating System).<br>In case your system is on battery and under-voltage situation is present it will be automatically shut down.<br />
: When the system is on battery and it is shut down by OS the UPS can also immediately shut down to preserve battery. This is a configurable feature.<br />
: When the UPS runs on batteries for a predefined time can initiate a shut down sequence. This is configurable feature.<br />
<br />
NOTES:<br />
- When the UPS is shutting down it senses the motherboard's state by measuring the +5VUSB signal.<br />
If the motherboard was shut down by the OS (+5VUSB is not present) no pulse will be sent.<br />
- When shutting down from battery If the OS does not graciously shut down during <br />
predetermined UPS_HARDOFF_TOUT (60s by default) the motherboard will be forced off <br />
by turning off the UPS's output in order to conserve the battery.<br />
<br />
===Output configuration===<br />
There are two ways of setting the output voltage.<br><br />
1)If bit0 in UPS_CONFIG parameter is set to '1' the output value is set by the OUT_VOLTAGE parameter.(default is 12V)<br><br />
2)If bit0 in UPS_CONFIG is set to '0' the the output value is set by the configuration switch P5 on the back side of the unit.<br><br />
:The hardcoded values depending the switches position are:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; color: blue;"<br />
<br />
|'''P5.1'''||'''P5.2'''||'''P5.3'''||'''OUTPUT[V]'''<br />
|-<br />
||OFF||OFF||OFF||12V<br />
|-<br />
||OFF||OFF||ON||13.5V<br />
|-<br />
||OFF||ON||OFF||15V<br />
|-<br />
||OFF||ON||ON||16V<br />
|-<br />
||ON||OFF||OFF||18V<br />
|-<br />
||ON||OFF||ON||19V<br />
|-<br />
||ON||ON||OFF||21V<br />
|-<br />
||ON||ON||ON||24V<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The second method is useful when using the UPS in '''Mode 2''' as a Portable Energy Pack on the field to configure the required output voltage.<br />
<br />
===Temperature compensated charge current regulation===<br />
:The temperature threshold parameters can be adjusted from software. <br />
:The configurable parameters are: CHG_TEMP_COLD < CHG_TEMP_COOL < CHG_TEMP_WARM < CHG_TEMP_HOT.<br />
:[[File:Charge-regulation.png|325px|thumb|left|]]<br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
===Setting Power plans under Windows Operating Systems (Vista, Windows 7)===<br />
:1) Right click on the battery icon from the tray bar then choose power options from the context menu. Alternatively you can choose '''Power Option''' also from '''Control Panel''' Items.<br />
:2) Select/Create a power plan or modify existing ones.<br />
:3) In the '''Change Advanced Power Settings''' section, the critical and low battery levels and actions can be also modified<br />
<br />
===NEW FEATURE, Configuring OPENUPS2 to work with Li-ION 3.7V===<br />
:'''Recomended input power supply should provide >=13V and capable of providing at least 1A for charging + the current needed to sustain the required output power. Using a 12V power supply is not recomended for Li-ION since the input would be close to battery voltage or lower and the batteries can't be charged enough and the system will run mostly on batteries.''' <br />
:''PCB changes:''<br />
:Resistor R20 should be changed to 576k, charge voltage is set to 12.168V (3x4.056V)<br />
:Proposed part number and description: RES 576K OHM 1/10W 1% 0603 SMD<br />
:http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/RC0603FR-07576KL/311-576KHRTR-ND/727311<br />
[[File:PCB_change_for_Li-Ion_3.7V.PNG]]<br />
:''Firmware and parameter changes:''<br />
:'''Update the device with Li-Ion version of firmware which includes support for Li-Ion chemistry!'''<br />
:'''It can be downloaded from''' [http://resources.mini-box.com/online/PWR-OpenUPS2/firmware/PWR-OpenUPS2-firmware-1-3-bootloader-Li-ION-2014_09_09.zip]<br />
:''The default parameters for Li-Ion are as below:''<br />
:UPS_VCELL_MIN_START =3.6V<br />
:UPS_VCELL_MIN_STOP =3.3V<br />
:UPS_VCELL_MIN_HARD_STOP=3V<br />
:CHG_VCOND=3.3V<br />
:CHG_BULK_STOP_VOLTAGE= 4.1V<br />
:CHG_START_VOLTAGE=3.85V<br />
:CHG_GLOBAL_TOUT=240 <br />
:BAL_VCELL_MIN=3.4V<br />
:CAPACITY=2400mAH, should be changed to match the cell's capacity<br />
:OCV_SOC0=3.3V<br />
:OCV_SOC10=3.68V<br />
:OCV_SOC25=3.76V<br />
:OCV_SOC50=3.82V<br />
:OCV_SOC75=3.97V<br />
:OCV_SOC100=4.17V<br />
:Feel free to adjust these parameters if needed<br />
<br />
==Connecting DC input power==<br />
Connect a proper input voltage source to the P1 connector.<br><br />
If input voltage is present , the UPS will enable the proper power path and energy will be flowing from input to output and, if necessary, battery charging is started.<br><br />
A gratuitous pulse is sent through P6 to wake up the motherboard depending configured '''Mode'''.<br><br />
Each cell is carefully monitored so that in case of an under-voltage or over-voltage event proper actions are taken. <br><br />
The charger is a BUCK converter so in order to charge batteries input voltage should be higher than battery voltage.<br />
<br />
==Blink modes==<br />
===Status of Main LED(green)===<br />
:-Steady ON: UPS is on Input Power<br />
:-ON for 0.5sec,OFF for 2.5sec: UPS is Battery Powered<br />
:-Blinking On/OFF every 2 sec : OFFDELAY<br />
:-3 fast blinks and pause repeated every 2 seconds: HARDOFF delay<br />
:-Steady OFF:UPS is in ship mode<br />
:-high frequency blinking: battery cell is missing(cell voltage is less than 100mV)<br />
<br />
===Status of Battery LED(red)===<br />
:-Steady ON: UPS is Battery Powered<br />
:-Steady OFF: Battery is not being charged<br />
:-Blinking On/OFF every 2 sec: Battery is being charged<br />
<br />
;All LEDs OFF<br />
: Unit is in Ship mode consuming less than 1uA. MCU is not powered. Can be waked up by pressing P10 or if input voltage is present.<br />
<br />
==Fuel gauge==<br />
The initial remaining capacity is detected based on an open-circuit voltage based state-of-charge estimation, using the predefined values set by the OCV_SOCxx parameters. <br />
Further estimation is based on coulomb counting method which is more precise after a full charge cycle has been performed.<br><br />
The UPS doesn't save the coulomb counter in its internal flash memory when it is shut down.<br />
After wakeup the open-circuit voltage based estimation is used again.<br />
<br />
==Characteristics==<br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left; padding-right: 10px; border-right: 1px solid #ccc;"><br />
Minimum Input Operating voltage<br><br />
Maximum input Operating voltage<br><br />
Deep-Discharge shutdown threshold<br><br />
Deep Sleep(Ship mode) Current Consumption<br><br />
Sleep mode Current Consumption<br><br />
Storage and operating temperature<br><br />
MTBF<br><br />
Input connectors<br><br />
Output Connector<br><br />
</div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left; margin-left: 10px;"><br />
11V<br><br />
24V <br><br />
configurable<br><br />
< 1uA, see UPS_CONFIG2 parameter for detail<br><br />
530uA, see UPS_CONFIG2 parameter for detail<br><br />
-40<sup>o</sup>C to +85<sup>o</sup>C (storage), -40<sup>o</sup>C to +65<sup>o</sup>C (operating)<br><br />
50K Hrs @ 85<sup>o</sup>C, >= 200K Hrs at 65<sup>o</sup>C (projected)<br><br />
Mini-Fit JR<br><br />
Mini-Fit JR<br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
'''Output/Input Rail Output Current (buck/boost converter)'''<br />
<br><br />
Maximum input current: 5A(consult with battery manufacturer for ratings)<br><br />
Peak Input current: 6A(<30 seconds)<br><br />
Maximum output current: 5A (input current dependent)<br><br />
Peak output Current: 6A(<30 seconds)<br><br />
<br />
NOTE:<br />
When operating at high voltage (input or output) or/or operating at elevated temperatures <br />
de-rating up to 30% might be necessary, forced ventilation required.<br />
For long life operation, please ensure that hottest component on-board is kept below 65C.<br />
<br />
===Output Booster measurements===<br />
:<div style="display: inline; float: left;">[[File:Output-booster-01.png|150px|thumb|left|]]</div><div style="display: inline; float: left;">[[File:Output-booster-02.png|150px|thumb|left|]]</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
==Support and warranty==<br />
Standard Hardware Warranty 1Year / US, 2 Year EU.<br />
<br />
==Parameter List==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! NAME<br />
! Description<br />
|-<br />
| OPENUPSMODE<br />
| <pre><br />
OPENUPS mode<br />
0-Autorestart when input is present=yes (UPS)<br />
1-Autorestart when input is present=no (LAPTOP)<br />
2-Energy Pack mode (ON/OFF)<br />
</pre><br />
|-<br />
| CAPACITY[mAh]<br />
| <br />
Battery Capacity<br><br />
Default is 1000mAh.<br />
|-<br />
| MOB_ONOFF_TOUT[ms]<br />
| <br />
The power switch on the motherboard(if connected) will be shorted this period to turn the Motherboard ON or OFF.<br><br />
Default is 500ms.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| UPS_BUTTON_ON_TOUT[ms]<br />
| <br />
The pushbutton connected on the P10 header must be shorted this period to be considered as pressed.<br><br />
Default is 100ms.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|UPS_CONFIG[bit7..bit0]<br />
|<br />
Configuration register. Used for enabling disabling modules.0-disabled;1-enabled<br><br />
bit7-reserved<br><br />
bit6-reserved<br><br />
bit5-reserved<br><br />
bit4-reserved<br><br />
bit3-reserved<br><br />
bit2:Enable temperature compensated charge algorithm<br><br />
bit1:Enable shutdown from battery if system was shut down from OS sensed by USB<br><br />
bit0:Enable output voltage settings directly from OUT_VOLTAGE parameter. If disabled output voltage is set by configuration switch on the back side of the PCBA.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
|UPS_CONFIG2[bit7..bit0]<br />
|<br />
Configuration register.Used for enabling disabling modules.0-disabled;1-enabled<br><br />
bit7-reserved<br><br />
bit6-reserved<br><br />
bit5-reserved<br><br />
bit4-reserved<br><br />
bit3-reserved<br><br />
bit2:reserved<br><br />
bit1:Enable Ship mode, consumption is less than 1uA. Unit can be waked up only by input power presence.<br><br />
bit0:Enable Sleep mode, consumption is 530uA. Unit can be waked up by button or input power presence.<br><br />
The combination of bit1 ,bit0 sets the configurable low power modes<br />
-----01: Sleep mode CPU OFF (530uA)<br />
-----10: Ship mode CPU OFF(1uA)<br />
-----11 or 00: Standby mode CPU ON(15mA) ==> Ship mode CPU OFF(1uA)<br />
|-<br />
|UPS_VIN_MIN_START [V] <br />
|<br />
If input voltage is above this threshold the UPS will start and take power from the input.<br><br />
Default is 11V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|UPS_VCELL_MIN_START [V]<br />
|<br />
If Vin is not present and all the battery cells are above this threshold the UPS can start and runs on battery<br />
Default is 3V.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
|UPS_VCELL_MIN_STOP [V]<br />
|<br />
If VIN is not present and one of the battery cells is less than this threshold during the time period specified by UPS_VBAT_UVP_OFF_TOUT parameter the UPS will initiate shut down procedure.<br><br />
Default is 2.8V<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|UPS_VCELL_MIN_HARD_STOP [V]<br />
|<br />
If VIN is not present and one of the battery cells is less than this threshold the UPS will instantly shut down to preserve battery.<br><br />
Default is 2.5V<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|UPS_VBAT_UVP_OFF_TOUT [s]<br />
|<br />
During this period battery cells are checked against UPS_VCELL_MIN_STOP. If cell voltage exceeds UPS_VCELL_MIN_STOP the timer is rearmed so it can filter unwanted noise in the system.<br><br />
Default is 5 sec.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|UPS_HARDOFF_TOUT[s]<br />
|<br />
After UPS_VBAT_UVP_OFF_TOUT passed motherboard is signaled to shut down. The UPS will wait this period so that the Motherboard can shut down gracefully, than cut power and enter deep sleep. This period should not be too long to prevent battery drain.<br><br />
Default is 60 sec.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|UPS_VBAT_SLEEP_TOUT[s]<br />
|<br />
Deep sleep timeout..If system is running on battery and this period has elapsed with no input power applied, then the UPS will initiate shut down procedure. "Never" is allowed as value (to disable this feature).<br><br />
Default is "Never".<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|DCHG_IMAX[A]<br />
|<br />
Max allowed discharge current. In case discharge current exceeds this threshold shutdown will be initiated.<br><br />
Default is 10A.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CHG_VCOND[V]<br />
|<br />
Conditioning/Pre-charge voltage. Charge current is limited until cell voltage exceeds this value and for at least<br />
CHG_TCOND time .<br><br />
Default is 3V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CHG_TCOND[V]<br />
|<br />
Conditioning/Precharge time. Charge current is limited until cell voltage exceeds CHG_VCOND value and it is applied during this time.<br><br />
Default is 30 sec.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CHG_BULK_STOP_VOLTAGE[V/cell]<br />
|<br />
Maximum allowed bulk charge voltage/cell during constant current/constant voltage charging.<br><br />
Default is 3.5[V/cell]<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CHG_HYSTERESIS[V/cell]<br />
|<br />
An over-voltage value (CHG_BULK_STOP_VOLTAGE+CHG_HYSTERESIS ) that it is allowed when charging. If one of the cells exceeds this value charging is immediately stopped.<br><br />
Default is 100mV/cell.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CHG_START_VOLTAGE [V/cell]<br />
|<br />
If cell voltage is below this value charging can be started.<br><br />
Default is 3.3V/cell<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CHG_GLOBAL_TOUT[min]<br />
|<br />
Global charge timeout.<br><br />
Default is 180 min.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CHG_TOPPING_TIMER[s]<br />
|<br />
For Lithium based batteries after an overvoltage condition is detected for a cell a resting period is set by this timer before applying a small topping charge in case other cells are still not charged.<br><br />
Default is 60s.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CHG_BAT_TYPE<br />
|<br />
The battery chemistry to be charged.<br><br />
1-LiFePO4<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CHG_TEMP_COLD[°C]<br />
|<br />
COLD temperature treshold for temperature compensated charge current regulation.<br><br />
Default 5°C(FW ver 1.2)<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CHG_TEMP_COOL[°C]<br />
|<br />
COOL temperature treshold for temperature compensated charge current regulation.<br><br />
Default 10°C(FW ver 1.2)<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CHG_TEMP_WARM[°C]<br />
|<br />
WARM temperature treshold for temperature compensated charge current regulation.<br><br />
Default 50°C(FW ver 1.2)<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|CHG_TEMP_HOT[°C]<br />
|<br />
HOT temperature treshold for temperature compensated charge current regulation.<br><br />
Default 55°C(FW ver 1.2)<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|BAL_VCELL_MIN[V]<br />
|<br />
Balancing is allowed if cell voltages are above this value.<br><br />
Default is 3.1V<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|BAL_VCELL_DIFF_START [V]<br />
|<br />
If the voltage difference between cells exceeds this value start balancing the cells.<br><br />
Default is 70mV.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|BAL_VCELL_DIFF_STOP[V]<br />
|<br />
If the voltage difference between cells is less than this value stop balancing the cells.<br><br />
Default is 40mV.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|OUT_VOLTAGE[V]<br />
|<br />
The output voltage. Bit0 in UPS_CONFIG parameter should be set to “1” in order this parameter has effect.<br><br />
Default is 12V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|OUT_MAX_REGULATOR_STEP[steps]<br />
|<br />
Maximum allowed regulation step number for output module (0-255)<br><br />
Default 255.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|OUT_FOLLOW_OFFSET[V]<br />
|<br />
Offset for adaptive output regulation.<br><br />
Default is 1V.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|OCV_SOC0[V]<br />
|<br />
Open Circuit Voltage State Of Charge detection for initial 0% fuel gauge estimation.<br><br />
Default is 3.1V<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|OCV_SOC10[V]<br />
|<br />
Open Circuit Voltage State Of Charge detection for initial 10% fuel gauge estimation.<br><br />
Default is 3.2V<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|OCV_SOC25[V]<br />
|<br />
Open Circuit Voltage State Of Charge detection for initial 25% fuel gauge estimation.<br><br />
Default is 3.25V<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|OCV_SOC50[V]<br />
|<br />
Open Circuit Voltage State Of Charge detection for initial 50% fuel gauge estimation.<br><br />
Default is 3.30V<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|OCV_SOC75[V]<br />
|<br />
Open Circuit Voltage State Of Charge detection for initial 75% fuel gauge estimation.<br><br />
Default is 3.32V<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|OCV_SOC100[V]<br />
|<br />
Open Circuit Voltage State Of Charge detection for initial 100% fuel gauge estimation.<br><br />
Default is 3.35V<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|AFE_OLV[-]<br />
|<br />
Advanced parameter.<br><br />
AFE Overload Voltage treshold configuration register.<br><br />
Default is 0x00.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
|AFE_OLD[-]<br />
|<br />
Advanced parameter.<br><br />
AFE Overload Delay time configuration register.<br><br />
Default is 0x00.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
|AFE_SCC[-]<br />
|<br />
Advanced parameter.<br><br />
AFE Short Circuit In Charge configuration register.<br><br />
Default is 0x50.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
|AFE_SCD[-]<br />
|<br />
Advanced parameter.<br><br />
AFE Short Circuit In Discharge configuration register.<br><br />
Default is 0x50.<br><br />
<br />
|-<br />
|WRITE_COUNT[cycle]<br />
|<br />
Number of times the flash memory has been written. Parameter is Read only.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Software manual==<br />
===Windows OS built-in support===<br />
The OpenUPS implements two generic USB classes, therefore most of the<br />
operating systems are recognizing it without any additional driver installation. This two<br />
classes are:<br />
a.) "HID UPS Battery" for OS built-in communication.<br />
Microsoft Windows versions are recognizing this class automatically and the device should<br />
appear in device manager at Batteries as a "Hid ups battery", together with all settings and<br />
power plan possibilities provided by the OS for any battery.<br />
b.) "HID" for communication and configuration<br />
This endpoint is a generic HID and it is used by our configuration and monitor softwares to<br />
read/write voltages and other important parameters of the OpenUPS2<br />
===Configuration software===<br />
The configuration software provides interface for OpenUPS2 monitoring, logging and setup.<br />
It's recommended to be used by users with deeper understanding of the OpenUPS2 hardware since permits setting voltages, currents and other parameters which can be<br />
dangerous if they are set without precaution.<br /><br />
The configuration software has two main screens (Status and Settings) and a header with the important voltage/current values.<br /><br />
<br />
====The first main screen is the "Status"====<br />
Examples of this screen is shown in the next images:<br /><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:Openups2_sm_status1.jpg|x350px|thumb|left|Status screen]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:Openups2_sm_status2.jpg|x350px|thumb|left|Extended status screen]]</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
The title bar shows the connection status and the firmware version of the OpenUPS2. Example: "OpenUPS2 Connected v1.0"<br />
<br />
The header of the status screen contains:<br />
: Two icons: <br />
:: The upper one is the Mini-box.com logo and it does not changes.<br />
:: The second icon is present only when OpenUPS2 is connected to the UPS and can be "Battery powered" (like int the example screenshots), "Line powered" and "USB powered". It displays the state of the OpenUPS2<br />
: Capacity: shows the remaining capacity of the batteries<br />
: RTE: run time to empty<br />
: Input: input voltage applied to the OpenUPS2 (P1 Input)<br />
: Battery: battery voltage<br />
: Output: output voltage of the OpenUPS2 (P2 Output)<br />
<br />
The "Status" screen contains extended information about the current state of the OpenUPS2 like battery voltages, charge/discharge currents, temperature/voltage of the batteries and different states.<br />
The user also have the possibility to log the current state into a *.csv file. <br />
The "Extended state" flags are for debug/support and can change between different firmware versions.<br />
<br />
====The second main screen is the "Settings"====<br />
Example of this screen is shown in the next image:<br /><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:Openups2_sm_settings.jpg|x350px|thumb|left|Settings screen]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
This screen contains two main sections: the individual parameter setup for experienced users and the parameter save/load into/from file section.<br />
<br />
IMPORTANT: any parameter setting or battery wizard data is taken into account by the OpenUPS2 only after a full restart either with power cut from all sources (usb, battery, vin), either by the "Restart OpenUPS (full restart and reload parameters)" button. Do this with precaution, check the parameters and wires before doing it!<br />
<br />
The main section of the "Settings" screen is the individual parameter settings.<br><br />
This is recommended to be done only by experienced users. Any parameter of the OpenUPS2 can be set from here.<br />
Changing one parameter is simple:<br />
:- select the desired parameter from the "Parameters" drop down menu. The current value is displayed in the "Value" field together with the unit ([V], [mA] etc.).<br />
:- introduce the new value<br />
:- the introduced value is checked whenever you change the current selection for the "Parameters" or choose to sync with "Sync all parameters to the OpenUPS". If the<br />
result of the check is correct, the resulting value is shown in the "Change log" field, otherwise error message might be popped up and the parameters selector jumps back to<br />
the wrong value.<br />
:- after You have done with all parameter setting press the "Sync all parameters to the OpenUPS" button to send all values to the OpenUPS2.<br />
IMPORTANT: without this step the new values will be lost, nothing is sent to the OpenUPS2!<br />
<br />
For users who need to setup more devices with the same OpenUPS2 settings, it is recommended to use the save/load parameters buttons.<br />
The "All parameters: OpenUPS ===> File (settings.ini)" button loads a full configuration from the OpenUPS and saves it to the settings.ini file. You can disconnect<br />
the current OpenUPS2 from the USB and insert a new one, than press the "All parameters: File ===> OpenUPS (settings.ini)" button to send the last saved configuration into the new OpenUPS2.<br />
<br />
The "All parameters: OpenUPS ===> CSV File (settings.csv)" button loads all parameters from the connected OpenUPS2 and saves it into a csv file. This type of file can be opened by any spreadsheet editor (OpenOffice, Microsoft Excel etc.) and contains the full set of parameters in human readable form.<br />
<br />
The "Enter bootloader mode (device restarted in bootloader mode)" button is intended to be used for firmware updates. After You press this button the OpenUPS2 will disconnect, it will switch to bootloader mode and firmware can be updated as described [[OpenUPS2#Bootloader_Mode|here]] <br />
<br />
Every save/load/sync operation on the "Settings" screen affects the progress bar and the status bar on the bottom of the screen (labelled with "State:"). In rare cases You<br />
might get error here with "try again" message. This happens in case of one parameter byte get's corrupted or timeout occurs during USB communication and/or OpenUPS flashing<br />
operation. Please try again and contact our support team only if the device gives this error 4-5 times in a row.<br />
<br />
===Windows System monitor===<br />
The system monitor is a tray bar software which shows the current state on the tray bar icon and a semi transparent "always on top" capable small window.<br><br />
The popup window can be moved anywhere on the screen and can be customised. Our current setup has two skins but any combination is possible playing with the<br />
"skin*.mbs" files installed together with this application. The current skin can be selected right clicking on the try icon.<br />
The "skin*.mbs" files are simple text ones editable with any text editor (notepad for example).<br> <br />
Adding a new skin is pretty simple – make a skin2.mbs (use the existing skin0.mbs or skin1.mbs for starting content) and start playing with the values from the new<br />
file.<br><br />
The values are self explanatory – skin name, background image files, font descriptions and label/value pair coordinates for all the important OpenUPS2 values.<br />
The size of the popup is defined by the background image – transparent parts can be defined as well (see for example: "bubble1.bmp").<br />
Example screenshots:<br /><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:Openups2_sm_tray1.jpg|x150px|thumb|left|System monitor skin1 connected]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:Openups2_sm_tray2.jpg|x150px|thumb|left|System monitor skin2 connected]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:Openups2_sm_tray3.jpg|x150px|thumb|left|System monitor skin2 disconnected]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="display: inline; float: left;"><br />
[[File:Openups2_sm_traysettings.jpg|x150px|thumb|left|System monitor settings]]<br />
</div><br />
<div style="clear: both;"></div><br />
<br />
===Developer manual===<br />
Mini-box.com provides one OpenUPS2 API in a DLL (OpenUPS2Lib.dll) and examples in Visual C++, Visual Basic and Visual C#.<br><br />
Basic C++/Visual Basic/C# knowledge is needed to use this examples together with the API.<br />
The API dll has manifest embedded to permit C# and Visual Basic dynamic load, external manifest is also provided in case if it is needed.<br />
<br />
The API has a set of functions exported to access the full functionality of the OpenUPS2.<br />
This functions are:<br />
<code><br />
: unsigned char upsOpenDeviceHandler(unsigned int timer); //open device handler. timer sets the refresh period in milliseconds (4 messages will be sent in this period), don't use values lower than 40msec here (cpu usage and usb traffic will increase with lower values). IMPORTANT: the handler can be kept open to notice any OpenUPS2 plugged in<br />
: void upsCloseDeviceHandler();//close device handler<br />
: void getUPSDevicePath(char* path);//get device path<br />
: unsigned char isUPSConnected();//0=not connected, 1=normal state,2=loading settings from device,3=saving settings from pc,4=saving settings from file<br />
: float getUPSVIN();//UPS Voltage IN<br />
: float getUPSVBat();//UPS Voltage Battery<br />
: float getUPSVOut();//UPS Voltage out<br />
: float getUPSCCharge();//UPS charge current<br />
: float getUPSCDischarge();//UPS discharge current<br />
: float getUPSVDuty();//duty cycle<br />
: float getUPSVCell(int i);//cell voltages (i=0,1,2)<br />
: float getUPSTemperature(int i);//cell temperatures (i=0,1,2)<br />
: unsigned char getUPSVerMajor();//firmware version major number<br />
: unsigned char getUPSVerMinor();//firmware version minor number<br />
: unsigned char getUPSState();//ups state (0=disconnnected, 1=running from battery, 2=running from VIn, 3=running from USB)<br />
: unsigned char getUPSRemainingCapacity();//remaining capacity<br />
: unsigned char getUPSVOutPot();//voltage out regulator %<br />
: unsigned char getUPSConfigSwitch();//config switch/debug info<br />
: unsigned char getUPSStateByteUPS();//state byte/debug info<br />
: unsigned char getUPSStateByteCHG();//charger state/debug info<br />
: unsigned char getUPSStateByteDBG();//debug byte<br />
: unsigned char getUPSBatteryOn(int i);//battery connected (i=0,1,2)<br />
: unsigned int getUPSRTE();//Remaining time to empty<br />
: unsigned char getUPSMode();//mode byte/reserved<br />
: unsigned char getUPSDbgByte(int i);//more debug bytes<br />
: unsigned char getUPSDbg2Byte(int i);//even more debug bytes<br />
: unsigned char getUPSCheck23(int i);//extended state flags/debug info<br />
: unsigned char getUPSCheck24(int i);//extended state flags/debug info<br />
: unsigned char getUPSCheck25(int i);//extended state flags/debug info<br />
: void restartUPS();//restart ups and reload parameters<br />
: void restartUPSInBootloaderMode();//restart ups into bootloader mode (for updating fimware)<br />
: void setUPSCommand1Byte(unsigned char command, unsigned char value);//debug states/reserved<br />
: void setUPSCommand2Byte(unsigned char command, unsigned int value);//debug states/reserved<br />
: void incDecVOutVolatile(unsigned char inc);//dynamically increase/decrease voltage (not saved into parameters for next startup)<br />
: void setVOutVolatile(float vout);//directly set voltage (not saved into parameters for next startup)<br />
: unsigned int getUPSMaxVariableCnt();//return variable count of the OpenUPS2<br />
: unsigned char getUPSVariableData(unsigned int cnt, char* name, char* value, char* unit, char* comment);//get name, value, measuring unit and explication by variable index<br />
: void startUPSLoadingSettings(unsigned char to_file, unsigned char compare_with_old);//start to load settings from device<br />
: unsigned char getUPSLoadingSettingsState();//load settings state: 0-64 - steps, 100=success, 0xF1-0xFF=failure/errorcode<br />
: unsigned char setUPSVariableData(unsigned int cnt, char* value);//set individual variable by index (string form, permitted values described in hardware manual)<br />
: void startUPSSaveSettings(unsigned char from_file);//start saving parameters into device<br />
: unsigned char getUPSSaveSettingsState();//saving state: 0-64 - steps, 100=success, 0xF1-0xFF=failure/errorcode<br />
See the examples for usage.<br />
</code><br />
<br />
IMPORTANT: the API dll needs 4 files from Visual Studio 2005 redistribution pack (Microsoft.VC80.CRT.manifest, msvcm80.dll, msvcp80.dll, msvcr80.dll).<br />
<br />
IMPORTANT: the API supports only one OpenUPS2 connected to the computer.<br />
<br />
====Visual C++ Example====<br />
Open CLibTest.sln from the package, run it and see CLibTest.cpp for usage example.<br />
====Visual Basic Example====<br />
Open VBLibTest.sln from the package, run it and see Module1.vb for usage example.<br />
====Visual C# Example====<br />
Open CSLibTest.sln from the package, run it and see Program.cs for usage example.</div>Admin